New cosmology measurements with voids in next-generation galaxy surveys

下一代星系巡天中带有空洞的新宇宙学测量

• 批准号: ST/T005009/2
• 负责人: Seshadri Nadathur
• 金额: $ 55.04万
• 依托单位: University of Portsmouth
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FT005009%2F2
• 关键词: New; cosmology; measurements; voids; next

In 1998, astronomers made the surprising discovery that the expansion of the universe is accelerating. This result led to a revolution in cosmology and the introduction of a mysterious 'dark energy' in our model of the universe. A theoretical understanding of this dark energy remains the biggest open problem not just in cosmology, but perhaps in all of physics. The explanation for dark energy will require either a new understanding of the quantum field theory of vacuum energy, the discovery of a new fundamental field, or a modification of the theory of gravity on very large scales.Guidance as to the correct theoretical approach must be taken from observation. A new generation of galaxy surveys - DESI, Euclid and LSST - will start to come online from 2020 onwards, mapping the 3D distribution of millions of galaxies in space. These surveys will provide an unprecedented dataset with which to measure the expansion rate, capable of providing an order of magnitude improvement in our knowledge of dark energy as well testing Einstein's General Relativity on cosmological scales. The same data can also be used to measure the mass of neutrinos better than can be done in laboratory experiments on earth, to determine the curvature of space, and even to weigh the total mass of the Universe. To me, this makes it the most exciting field of contemporary cosmology.But collecting this vast amount of data is expensive and time-consuming, and it is imperative to process it as efficiently as possible to extract the maximum information. I have developed a new method for measuring cosmological quantities from the galaxy distribution that is based on the properties of the large empty regions, or voids, between them. I led an analysis of current data using this method, demonstrating that it leads to the most precise cosmological measurements from any existing galaxy survey. The information gain over the use of conventional methods alone is equivalent to quadrupling the number of galaxies observed, all while requiring no additional cost or observational time. These improved measurements already greatly reduce the uncertainty in dark energy properties, including when combined with other types of data such as Type Ia supernovae and weak lensing. When applied to Stage-IV data the benefits will be even greater. I will lead cosmological measurements by applying this new technique to data from the DESI and Euclid spectroscopic surveys that are starting operations in 2020 and 2022 respectively. This will increase their information content and provide the gold standard of cosmological measurements. I will also continue to develop additional new analyses using cosmic voids in other ways, for application to photometric surveys and data from the LSST experiment, which is also expected to start in 2020.Together, these projects will dramatically improve our knowledge of dark energy, neutrino masses, the Hubble constant and alternative theories of gravity over the 5-year duration of this Fellowship.

1998年，天文学家有了一个令人惊讶的发现：宇宙正在加速膨胀。这一结果导致了宇宙学的一场革命，并在我们的宇宙模型中引入了一种神秘的“暗能量”。对这种暗能量的理论理解仍然是最大的悬而未决的问题，不仅在宇宙学中，而且可能在所有物理学中。对暗能量的解释要么需要重新理解真空能量的量子场论，要么需要发现一个新的基本场，要么需要对引力理论进行超大规模的修正。正确的理论方法必须从观测中得到指导。新一代星系观测--DESI、Euclid和LSST--将从2020年起开始上线，绘制数百万星系在太空中的3D分布图。这些调查将提供一个史无前例的数据集，用来测量膨胀速度，能够在我们对暗能量的知识方面提供一个数量级的改进，并在宇宙尺度上测试爱因斯坦的广义相对论。同样的数据也可以用来更好地测量中微子的质量，比在地球上的实验室实验更好地测量中微子的质量，确定空间的曲率，甚至称宇宙的总质量。对我来说，这是当代宇宙学中最令人兴奋的领域。但收集如此海量的数据既昂贵又耗时，必须尽可能高效地处理这些数据，以提取最大限度的信息。我已经开发了一种根据星系分布测量宇宙量的新方法，该方法基于它们之间的大空区或空洞的性质。我用这种方法领导了对当前数据的分析，证明了它是现有星系调查中最精确的宇宙学测量结果。仅使用传统方法获得的信息收益就相当于观测到的星系数量翻了两番，同时不需要额外的成本或观测时间。这些改进的测量已经大大减少了暗能量性质的不确定性，包括与Ia型超新星和弱透镜等其他类型的数据相结合时。当应用于第四阶段的数据时，好处将会更大。我将领导宇宙学测量，将这项新技术应用于DESI和欧几里德光谱调查的数据，这两项调查将分别于2020年和2022年开始运行。这将增加它们的信息含量，并提供宇宙学测量的黄金标准。我还将继续以其他方式利用宇宙空洞开发更多的新分析，用于光度测量和来自LSST实验的数据，LSST实验也预计将于2020年开始。这些项目将极大地提高我们对暗能量、中微子质量、哈勃常数和其他引力理论的知识，在本奖学金的5年时间里。

项目成果

The Completed SDSS-IV Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Growth rate of structure measurement from cosmic voids

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac828
• 发表时间: 2020-07
• 期刊: arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
• 作者: M. Aubert;M. Cousinou;S. Escoffier;A. Hawken;S. Nadathur;S. Alam;J. Bautista;É. Burtin;C. Chuang;A. Macorra;A. D. Mattia;H. Gil-Mar'in;Jiamin Hou;E. Jullo;J. Kneib;R. Neveux;G. Rossi;D. Schneider;Alex Smith;A. Tamone;M. V. Magaña;Cheng Zhao

The Pantheon+ Analysis: Cosmological Constraints

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8e04
• 发表时间: 2022-02
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: D. Brout;D. Scolnic;B. Popovic;A. Riess;A. Carr;J. Zuntz;R. Kessler;T. Davis;S. Hinton;David O. Jones;D. W.;Arcy Kenworthy;E. Peterson;K. Said;G. Taylor;Noor Ali;P. Armstrong;Pranav Charvu;Arianna M. Dwomoh;C. Meldorf;A. Palmese;H. Qu;B. Rose;B. Sanchez;C. Stubbs;Marian Vincenzi;C. Wood;P. Brown;Rebecca Chen;K. Chambers;D. Coulter;M. Dai;G. Dimitriadis;A. Filippenko;R. Foley;S. Jha;L. Kelsey;R. Kirshner;A. Möller;J. Muir;S. Nadathur;Yen-Chen Pan;A. Rest;C. Rojas-Bravo;M. Sako;M. Siebert;Matthew C. Smith;B. Stahl;P. Wiseman

The DESI Survey Validation: Results from Visual Inspection of the Quasar Survey Spectra

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/acacfc
• 发表时间: 2022-08
• 期刊: The Astronomical Journal
• 作者: D. Alexander;T. Davis;E. Chaussidon;V. A. Fawcett;A. González-Morales;Ting-Wen Lan;C. Yéche;S. Ahlen;J. Aguilar;E. Armengaud;S. Bailey;D. Brooks;Z. Cai;R. Canning;A. Carr;S. Chabanier;M. Cousinou;K. Dawson;A. Macorra;A. Dey;B. Dey;G. Dhungana;A. Edge;S. Eftekharzadeh;K. Fanning;J. Farr;A. Font-Ribera;J. García-Bellido;L. Garrison;E. Gaztañaga;S. Gontcho;C. Gordon;S. Gonzalez;J. Guy;H. Herrera-Alcantar;L. Jiang;S. Juneau;Naim Göksel Karaçaylı;R. Kehoe;T. Kisner;A. Kovács;M. Landriau;M. Levi;C. Magneville;P. Martini;A. Meisner;M. Mezcua;R. Miquel;P. M. Camacho;J. Moustakas;A. Muñoz‐Gutiérrez;A. Myers;S. Nadathur;L. Napolitano;J. Nie;N. Palanque-Delabrouille;Z. Pan;W. Percival;I. Pérez-Ràfols;C. Poppett;F. Prada;César Ramírez-Pérez;C. Ravoux;D. Rosario;M. Schubnell;G. Tarlé;M. Walther;B. Weiner;S. Youles;Zhi-min Zhou;H. Zou;S. Zou

Euclid : Forecasts from the void-lensing cross-correlation

Euclid：空透镜互相关的预测

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202244445
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Bonici M

Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.023520
• 发表时间: 2022-01-13
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Abbott, T. M. C.;Aguena, M.;Zuntz, J.
• 通讯作者: Zuntz, J.