ERP/MRP INDICES OF EARLY DEVELOPMENT IN INFANTS W/DS

在人类婴儿期发育的头12个月里， 认知能力的出现和运动技能的出现是相互联系的。 这些技能随后被应用于大多数开发领域，包括 语言。因此，认知和运动技能需要在婴儿期早期获得 作为发展成果的必要基础。然而，认知， 语言和大运动域表达的一致性最少和最不一致 唐氏综合征患者通过早期干预实现的收益 (Connolly等人，1993；Gibson和Harris，1988；Piper等人，1986)。它 是这个项目的工作假说，大多数表型表达 DS最初是作为非典型的认知和运动发展而实现的 生命的第一年。因此，本研究项目将对 婴幼儿认知和运动过程中的脑-行为关系 1到12个月大的DS。注意力、刺激的神经测量 编码、学习、记忆和动作准备都将记录在这两个文件中 横断面和纵向研究。结果将是第一次， 在早期提供有关大脑-行为关系的新知识 认知和运动发育。一组没有已知风险的婴儿 发育困难(在年龄、性别和社会经济地位方面相匹配)将作为 对照组提供敏感的神经行为检查 在DS遗传状态引起的神经系统功能障碍中的表达。 此外，21三体的影响的特征和评估 认知和运动功能将在混淆的影响之前观察 语言障碍表现在一个人的发展过程中 DS.在为期5年的项目结束时，大脑行为的应用 建立认知和运动发展轨迹的措施 技能将提供新的和敏感的方法来评估发展 状况，以及此后早期干预的有效性， 这些技术的应用可能会为后续的 早期干预的专业化和精细化，特别是尊重 认知和运动能力。

During the first 12 months of development in human infancy, the emergence of cognitive and the emergence of motor skills are interconnected. These skills are subsequently applied to most domains of development, including language. Thus, cognitive and motor skills to be achieved during early infancy serve as an essential based for developmental outcome. However, cognitive, linguistic and gross motor domains express the fewest and least consistent gains actualized through early intervention for individuals with Down syndrome (DS) (Connolly et al., 1993; Gibson and Harris, 1988; Piper et al., 1986). It is the working hypothesis of this project that most phenotypic expressions of DS are first actualized as atypical cognitive and motor development during the first year of life. Accordingly, this research project will investigate brain-behavior relationships during cognition and movement among infants with DS that are 1 to 12months of age. Neural measures of attention, stimulus encoding, learning, memory and movement preparation will be recorded in both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Results will, for the first time, provide new knowledge concerning brain-behavior relationships during early cognitive and motor development. A group of infants without known risk of developmental difficulties (matched on age, sex and SES) will serve as a comparison group to provide sensitive examination of neurobehavioral expressions in the dysfunction of the nervous system due to DS genetic status. Moreover, characterization and evaluation of the impact of Trisomy-21 upon cognitive and motor functions will be observed before confounding impacts of language impairments are manifested in the development of an individual with DS. At the conclusion of the 5-year project, application of brain-behavior measures in establishing developmental trajectories of cognitive and motor skills will provide new and sensitive methodologies to assess developmental status and, accordingly, the effectiveness of early intervention Thereafter, application of such techniques may provide the foundation for subsequent specialization and refinement of early intervention, particularly with respect to cognitive and motor abilities.