Manchester Experiment Responsive RA Grant 2022

曼彻斯特实验响应 RA 补助金 2022

• 批准号: ST/X005909/1
• 负责人: Andrew Pilkington
• 金额: $ 72.47万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FX005909%2F1
• 关键词: Manchester; Experiment; Responsive; RA; Grant

The Particle Physics Group at Manchester studies fundamental particles and their interactions, using data collected by experiments based at major international research centres. This research covers all aspects of experimental particle physics: the development of novel detector concepts; the design, construction and operation of large experiments; and the analysis of data. With this new grant, we will focus on using the data collected by these international experiments to search for new particles and new types of particle interactions. We will also carry out R&D for new detector concepts. We have four distinct strands of research:(1) Searching for new sources of CP-violation: CP-violation is the mechanism by which matter is more favourably produced than antimatter in fundamental particle interactions. It is well known that the level of CP violation in the Standard Model of Particle Physics is insufficient to explain the matter dominance that we observe in the Universe today. In this grant, we propose novel searches for CP violation using the ATLAS data. It is expected that a factor of ten improvement in sensitivity will be obtained for new sources of CP violation predicted by extensions to the Standard Model.(2) Dark matter: despite making up 85% of the mass of the Universe and playing a crucial role in its formation, the nature of this mysterious substance is still unknown. Using an ultra-sensitive Earth-based detector newly constructed to detect dark matter intersecting with the Earth as it travels through space, we develop new analysis strategies that enable us to identify and measure its properties, charting new regimes that were previously unexplorable.(3) Probing the interactions of the neutrino: Neutrinos are a window onto physics beyond our current understanding of the universe. The liquid-argon time-projection chamber of MicroBooNE has a spectacular ability to image the interactions of neutrinos and the particles produced in these interactions. Using these exquisite images, we will search for the evidence of new, never-before seen particles in these interactions, which would open up a new window onto how our Universe works.(4) Development of new detector technologies: Semiconductor sensors play a key role in many particle physics experiments, but are also central to many other imaging applications, from astronomy over medical applications to material research. Many future applications demand, in addition to micrometre-level spatial resolution, precise time information in the range of tens of picoseconds for particles registered in the sensors. We aim to provide a facility to characterise the timing properties of particle sensors that will be unique in the breadth of applicability due to its tuneable frequency. We will then apply this facility to particularly promising sensor technologies that are being explored by the particle physics community.

曼彻斯特的粒子物理小组利用主要国际研究中心的实验收集的数据，研究基本粒子及其相互作用。这项研究涵盖了实验粒子物理的所有方面：新探测器概念的开发；大型实验的设计、建造和操作；以及数据分析。有了这笔新的拨款，我们将专注于使用这些国际实验收集的数据来寻找新的粒子和新类型的粒子相互作用。我们还将对新的探测器概念进行研发。我们有四个不同的研究方向：(1)寻找CP破坏的新来源：在基本粒子相互作用中，CP破坏是一种比反物质更容易产生物质的机制。众所周知，粒子物理标准模型中的CP破坏水平不足以解释我们今天在宇宙中观察到的物质支配地位。在这项授权中，我们提出了使用ATLAS数据对CP违规进行新的搜索。通过对标准模型的扩展，对于CP破坏的新来源，预计灵敏度将提高10倍。(2)暗物质：尽管占宇宙质量的85%，并在其形成过程中发挥关键作用，但这种神秘物质的性质仍然未知。利用新建造的超灵敏地球探测器来探测暗物质在地球穿越太空时与其相交，我们开发了新的分析策略，使我们能够识别和测量其性质，绘制出以前无法探索的新区域。(3)探索中微子的相互作用：中微子是了解物理的窗口，超出了我们目前对宇宙的理解。MicroBooNE的液体-Ar时间投影室具有壮观的能力来成像中微子和在这些相互作用中产生的粒子的相互作用。利用这些精美的图像，我们将在这些相互作用中寻找新的、前所未见的粒子的证据，这将为我们的宇宙如何运作打开一个新的窗口。(4)新探测器技术的开发：半导体传感器在许多粒子物理实验中发挥着关键作用，但也是许多其他成像应用的核心，从天文学到医学应用到材料研究。许多未来的应用除了要求微米级的空间分辨率外，还需要传感器中登记的颗粒在几十皮秒范围内的精确时间信息。我们的目标是提供一种设备来表征颗粒传感器的定时特性，由于其频率可调，因此在适用范围上将是独一无二的。然后，我们将把这种设备应用于粒子物理界正在探索的特别有前景的传感器技术。