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Impact of faults on fluid flow in Zechstein carbonates

断层对 Zechstein 碳酸盐岩流体流动的影响

基本信息

批准号：
1652295
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Leeds
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1652295
关键词：
Impact faults fluid flow Zechstein

项目摘要

It is well known that faults within petroleum reservoirs can have a significant impact on production. Faults formed in low porosity, brittle, rocks may have a higher permeability than the surrounding reservoir and therefore can act as conduits for fluid flow. On the other hand, faults formed in porous, ductile, rocks often act as barriers to flow; these are often referred to as sealing faults. The presence of sealing faults often makes petroleum production less economic because more wells are needed to produce the same volume of petroleum compared to a reservoir that is not compartmentalized by faults. Sealing faults are also likely to have a significant impact on future CO2 storage operations. A large amount of R&D has recently led to major advances in our ability to predict the impact of faults on fluid flow in sandstone reservoirs. In particular, a large amount of data now exists on the permeability of fault rocks in sandstones. These values are routinely used by software tools, such as TransGen, to predict the permeability distribution along faults and generate input files that can be included into fluid flow models to take into account the impact of faults on petroleum production. Similar tools are not, however, available for assessing the impact of faults on fluid flow within carbonate reservoirs. This represents a major omission given that carbonates are equally, if not more, important than sandstones as reservoirs for petroleum. This lack of data and software tools reduces the ability of industry to optimize petroleum production and plan enhanced oil recovery (EOR) programs. In the future, this knowledge gap may all reduce our ability to assess the safety of CO2 storage and nuclear waste disposal sites.To fill this knowledge gap this project will:(i) Build a database of the flow properties of fault rocks in carbonates.(ii) Identify the key controls on these properties such as stress and rheology at the time of faulting.(iii) Identify published examples of how faults affect fluid flow in carbonate reservoirs.(iv) Develop algorithms and workflows for incorporating these results into industry standard software tools to improve our ability to model fault-related fluid flow in carbonate reservoirs.

众所周知，石油储层内的断层会对生产产生重大影响。在低孔隙度、脆性岩石中形成的断层可能具有比周围储层更高的渗透性，因此可以充当流体流动的管道。另一方面，在多孔、韧性岩石中形成的断层通常充当流动的屏障;这些断层通常被称为封闭断层。封闭断层的存在通常使石油生产不太经济，因为与没有被断层分隔的储层相比，需要更多的威尔斯井来生产相同体积的石油。密封故障也可能对未来的CO2储存操作产生重大影响。大量的研究与开发最近已经导致我们预测断层对砂岩储层中流体流动的影响的能力的重大进展。特别是砂岩中断层岩的渗透率，现在已有大量的数据。这些值通常由软件工具（例如，TransGen）使用，以预测沿沿着的渗透率分布，并生成可以包括在流体流动模型中的输入文件，以考虑断层对石油生产的影响。然而，没有类似的工具可用于评估断层对碳酸盐岩储层内流体流动的影响。这是一个重大的遗漏，因为碳酸盐岩作为石油储层与砂岩一样重要，如果不是更重要的话。这种数据和软件工具的缺乏降低了工业优化石油生产和规划提高石油采收率（EOR）计划的能力。在未来，这一知识空白可能会降低我们评估二氧化碳储存和核废料处置场安全性的能力。为了填补这一知识空白，本项目将：（i）建立碳酸盐岩断层岩流动特性数据库。(ii)确定这些属性的关键控制因素，如断层时的应力和流变。(iii)识别断层如何影响碳酸盐岩储层中流体流动的已发表实例。(iv)开发算法和工作流程，将这些结果纳入行业标准软件工具，以提高我们在碳酸盐岩储层中模拟断层相关流体流动的能力。