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Characterisation of oxygen regulation mechanisms in Rhizobium leguminosarum for repurposing as tools in the engineering of nitrogen fixation

豆科根瘤菌氧调节机制的表征，以重新用作固氮工程的工具

基本信息

批准号：
1757775
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1757775
关键词：
Characterisation oxygen regulation mechanisms Rhizobium

项目摘要

Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and the use of nitrogen fertilizers has resulted in significant boosts in crop productivity. However, these fertilizers also cause significantenvironmental damage and are unaffordable for much of the developing world. Many plant species instead acquire their nitrogen by forming a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen fixingRhizobium bacteria. These enter into the plant's roots where they transform into highly specialized quasi-organelles, providing the plant with nitrogen fixed from the atmosphere inexchange for nutrients and shelter. Oxygen is a key signal in the regulation of this transformation because it is toxic to the nitrogenase enzyme that performs nitrogen fixation.Two bacterial proteins, NifA and FnrN, are known to be critical for the regulation and activation of nitrogen fixation. We aim to study how these are regulated at the transcriptional and proteinlevel and to determine the mechanisms by which this occurs. We next aim to use our understanding of these mechanisms to develop synthetic biology tools which can be used inefforts to introduce this symbiosis into other plants and bacteria. Achieving this could reduce the need for polluting nitrogen fertilizers and provide a sustainable way to boost crop yields.BBSRC priority areas addressed:Food, Nutrition and HealthSustainably enhancing agricultural productionSynthetic biologyEnvironment and Land UseGlobal Food SecurityAFS, ENWW

氮是植物生长的关键养分，氮肥的使用显著提高了作物产量。然而，这些肥料也会造成严重的精神损害，许多发展中国家负担不起。许多植物物种通过与固氮根瘤菌形成共生关系来获得氮。这些进入植物的根部，在那里它们转变成高度专门化的准细胞器，为植物提供从大气中固定下来的氮，以换取营养和庇护。氧是调节这种转化的关键信号，因为它对进行固氮的固氮酶是有毒的。已知两种细菌蛋白NifA和FnrN对固氮的调节和激活至关重要。我们的目标是研究这些是如何在转录和蛋白质水平上进行调节，并确定发生这种情况的机制。我们接下来的目标是利用我们对这些机制的理解来开发合成生物学工具，这些工具可以用于将这种共生关系引入其他植物和细菌。实现这一目标可以减少对污染性氮肥的需求，并提供一种可持续的方式来提高作物产量。BBSRC优先考虑的领域：粮食、营养和健康可持续地提高农业生产合成生物学环境和土地全球粮食安全AFS，ENWW