SYMPOSIUM: IS STRESS A DISEASE OR AN ADAPTIVE RESPONSE?

研讨会：压力是一种疾病还是一种适应性反应？

• 批准号: 6262740
• 负责人: CLIFF H SUMMERS
• 金额: $ 1.14万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-12-08 至 2001-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6262740
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; disease /disorder; evolution; immunology; meeting /conference /symposium; natural selections; neuroanatomy; neuroendocrine system; psychological adaptation; species difference; stress; stress management; systematic biology; travel

We propose a symposium to explore the implications of stressful responses as adaptive mechanisms in the lives of humans and animals, instead of as pathology. The discussion of hypotheses concerning the role of stress in adaptive application from researchers with evolutionary, systems and mechanistic perspectives may lay the framework for a new way of looking at stress in human health. Considering stress as a useful and adaptive response, evolutionarily adjusted, may contribute a new viewpoint for comprehension of basic mechanisms and health-related applications. The nervous and endocrine systems play a critical role in allowing organisms to cope with environmental stressors. Although most of what we know about the endocrinology of stress comes from work done in laboratory mammals, recent studies in nonmammalian species have identified adaptive features of stress that do not readily fit into current views on stress as a disorder or disease. This proposal requests support for a two-day symposium aimed at assessing the state of knowledge on the comparative neuroendocrinology of stress and adaptation. The symposium will bring together, for the first time, a group of scientists working on diverse aspects of chemical signaling during stress in mammalian and nonmammalian organisms. Our rationale is to provide a forum for discussing the comparative neuroendocrinology of stress from molecular to behavioral levels, thereby encouraging an integrated approach to the topic. The symposium has three objectives. The first objective is to examine the phylogenetic diversity of the stress response in organisms ranging from invertebrates to mammals. The second goal is to examine comparative aspects of the hypothalamo-hypophysial-adrenal axis related to its role in adaptation. The third goal is to provide an integrative format format in which to discuss the adaptive role of stress in development, reproduction, immune function and behavior. The outcome of the symposium will a) summarize existing knowledge on the comparative endocrinology of stress, b) help in identifying common themes of neural and endocrine integration during stress, and c) broaden existing views of stress and adaptation with respect to basic mechanisms and human health. Thirteen invited speakers will make oral presentations while graduate students or postdoctoral associates will present posters. The symposium will take place at the annual meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology January 3rd-7th, 2001, at the Chicago Hilton & Towers, Chicago, IL. The symposium proceedings will be published in the internationally recognized journal American Zoologist. The symposium should be of interest to biomedical researchers, endocrinologists, neurobiologists, physiologists, ecologists and behavioral biologists.

我们建议召开一次研讨会，探讨应激反应作为人类和动物生活中的适应机制的含义，而不是作为病理学。从进化、系统和机制的角度对压力在适应性应用中的作用的假设进行讨论，可能为研究压力在人类健康中的新方法奠定框架。将压力视为一种有用的适应性反应，经过进化调整，可能有助于理解基本机制和健康相关应用的新观点。神经和内分泌系统在生物体应对环境压力方面起着至关重要的作用。虽然我们对压力的内分泌学的了解大部分来自于对实验室哺乳动物的研究，但最近对非哺乳动物物种的研究已经确定了压力的适应性特征，这些特征并不容易符合当前将压力视为一种紊乱或疾病的观点。本提案要求支持为期两天的研讨会，旨在评估关于压力和适应的比较神经内分泌学的知识状况。研讨会将首次汇集一组科学家，他们研究哺乳动物和非哺乳动物有机体在应激过程中化学信号的各个方面。我们的基本原理是提供一个论坛，讨论从分子到行为水平的压力比较神经内分泌学，从而鼓励对该主题的综合方法。研讨会有三个目标。第一个目标是检查从无脊椎动物到哺乳动物的生物的应激反应的系统发育多样性。第二个目标是研究下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴与其在适应中的作用的比较方面。第三个目标是提供一个综合的格式格式，其中讨论应激在发育，繁殖，免疫功能和行为中的适应性作用。研讨会的成果将a)总结关于压力比较内分泌学的现有知识，b)有助于确定压力期间神经和内分泌整合的共同主题，以及c)从基本机制和人类健康的角度扩大对压力和适应的现有观点。13位特邀演讲者将做口头报告，研究生或博士后将展示海报。研讨会将于2001年1月3日至7日在伊利诺斯州芝加哥希尔顿酒店举行的综合与比较生物学学会年会上举行。会议记录将发表在国际公认的《美国动物学家》杂志上。本次研讨会将吸引生物医学研究者、内分泌学家、神经生物学家、生理学家、生态学家和行为生物学家。