SOCIALIZATION AGAINST SMOKING UPTAKE IN PRE ADOLESCENTS

这项研究采用纵向设计，从一项正在进行的研究中抽取受试者，将检验保护儿童在青春期早期不吸烟的潜在社会化机制，并将评估父母和同伴反吸烟保护影响对青少年前期的直接和间接影响的模型。虽然以前的研究已经确定了吸烟对开始吸烟的重要社会影响，但对于不同种族背景的儿童的特定保护性社会化机制仍然缺乏足够的理解。将招募大约291名青春期前儿童(9-13岁)，并通过一家城市儿童医院的初级保健诊所进行为期18个月的跟踪调查。作为现有研究方案的一部分，父母和孩子将在吸烟状况、父母社交做法、感知到的同伴使用、从父母和朋友那里接触烟草产品以及一般育儿做法的三个时间点完成测量。将对基线数据进行初步横断面分析，以检验吸烟习惯的独立社会化预测因素。此外，还将对不同性别和种族群体的间接和直接社会化影响吸烟的纵向模型进行多组比较。

Utilizing a longitudinal design and drawing subjects from an ongoing study, this investigation will examine the underlying socialization mechanisms that protect children from smoking uptake in early adolescence and will evaluate a model of direct and indirect effects of parental and peer anti-smoking protective influences on pre-adolescents. While important social influences on smoking initiation have been identified in previous research, an adequate understanding of specific protective socialization mechanisms for children from different ethnic backgrounds remains elusive. Approximately 291 pre-adolescents (ages 9-13) will be recruited and followed for 18 months through primary care clinics in an urban children's hospital. As part of an existing research protocol, parents and children will complete measures at three time points of smoking status, parental socialization practices, perceived peer use, exposure to tobacco products from parents and friends, and general parenting practices. Preliminary cross- sectional analysis of baseline data will be conducted to examine independent socialization predictors of smoking uptake. In addition, multiple group comparisons of a longitudinal model of indirect and direct socialization influences on smoking uptake will be conducted for different gender and ethnic groups.