INTRAHOUSEHOLD ALLOCATION IN POOR U.S. HOUSEHOLDS

描述（由申请人提供）：学校营养计划代表了一个 这是美国贫困家庭安全网的重要组成部分。先前 评估结果显示，这些方案的效果明显好坏参半， 儿童消费。从表面上看，这样的结果可能会造成 对学校营养计划的有效性表示怀疑。在 与此同时，许多理论和实证研究已经审查了 家庭内部的资源分配。这些研究表明， 针对某些家庭成员的计划可能会影响 其他家庭成员通过释放资源供他们消费。没有研究 研究了学校营养计划如何影响其他食物的消费， 家庭成员，因此，一些真实的，积极的影响是潜在的 被忽视更一般地说，理解 贫困家庭如何在家庭成员之间分享其有限的资源。的 学校营养计划的案例提供了一个独特的机会，观察如何 向儿童的转移改变了家庭消费模式。更好地了解 学校营养计划的影响和内部资源分配 我们建议回答两个问题：（a） 学校营养计划对儿童和家长的影响和（B）什么是隐含的 孩子和父母之间的食物资源共享规则？回答这些 我们将使用全国健康和营养检查调查的问题 （NHANES）III和IV。这些是具有全国代表性的数据集， 包含关于食物消耗的详细信息，完整的临床检查， 和每个受访者的实验室报告，以及典型的经济和 家庭的人口统计信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): School nutrition programs represent an important part of the safety net for poor American households. Previous evaluations have shown decidedly mixed or little effects of these programs on the consumption of children. Such results taken at face value could cast significant doubt on the effectiveness of the school nutrition programs. At the same time, many theoretical and empirical studies have examined the allocation of resources within households. Such studies suggest the possibility that programs targeted at some household members could impact other family members by freeing up resources for their consumption. No study has examined how school nutrition programs impact the consumption of other household members, and thus some of the real, positive impacts are potentially being overlooked. More generally, it is of significant interest to understand how poor households share their limited resources among family members. The case of school nutrition programs presents a unique opportunity to observe how transfers to children alter family consumption patterns. To better understand the impact of school nutrition programs and the allocation of resources within households, we propose to answer two questions: (a) What is the impact of school nutrition programs on children and parents? and (b) What is the implied sharing rule for food resources between children and parents? To answer these questions we will use the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) III and IV. These are nationally representative data sets that contain detailed information on food consumption, a complete clinical exam, and a laboratory report for each respondent, as well as typical economic and demographic information for the families.