PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES

先天性异常的产前诊断

• 批准号: 6432591
• 负责人: ROBERTO ROMERO
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6432591
• 关键词: bioimaging /biomedical imaging; cardiovascular disorder diagnosis; clinical research; congenital disorders; diagnosis design /evaluation; diagnosis quality /standard; embryo /fetus; embryo /fetus surgery; endoscopy; human pregnant subject; noninvasive diagnosis; prenatal diagnosis; ultrasonography

Congenital anomalies are the second leading cause of perinatal mortality in the United States after premature birth. Advances in imaging techniques have allowed the detection of many anatomical defects with ultrasound before birth. The goal of this project is to improve the diagnosis and treatment of fetal disease and congenital anomalies. The Perinatology Research Branch has initiated a project to use tri-dimensional ultrasound to delineate normal fetal anatomy, improve the detection of congenital anomalies and the estimation of fetal weight and growth. The Branch has acquired the skills and equipment to initiate the project. The diagnostic power of this technology is illustrated by the improved detection of a vassa previa, a rare but potentially lethal condition. This condition is characterized by the presence of aberrant fetal vessels within the fetal membranes in close proximity to the uterine cervix. At the time of rupture of membranes (spontaneous or artificial), patients with a vassa previa may sustain laceration of the fetal vessels resulting in fetal exsanguination and fetal death or severe anemia and neurologic handicap. Therefore, prenatal diagnosis is critical. The Branch has been able to use grey scale multi-planar and the "flight path" techniques to make the diagnosis in two cases. We expect that tri-dimensional ultrasound would enhance the precision of prenatal diagnosis of many other congenital anomalies.

在美国，先天性畸形是仅次于早产的围产期死亡的第二大原因。 成像技术的进步已经允许在出生前用超声检测许多解剖缺陷。 该项目的目标是改进胎儿疾病和先天性异常的诊断和治疗。围产期研究分支已启动一个项目，利用三维超声描绘正常胎儿解剖结构，改善先天性异常的检测和胎儿体重和生长的估计。 该分支已获得启动该项目的技能和设备。 这项技术的诊断能力是通过改进检测血管前置，一种罕见的，但可能致命的条件。 这种情况的特征是在靠近子宫颈的胎膜内存在异常的胎儿血管。 在胎膜破裂（自发性或人工）时，前置血管患者可能会持续撕裂胎儿血管，导致胎儿失血和胎儿死亡或严重贫血和神经功能障碍。 因此，产前诊断至关重要。 分支已能够使用灰度多平面和“飞行路径”技术对两例病例作出诊断。我们期望三维超声将提高许多其他先天性异常的产前诊断的准确性。