Modelling anisotropic viscosity with astrophysical applications

该项目着眼于如何模拟PLAMS中的各向异性效应，并评估它们在等离子体不稳定性的线性和非线性演化中的作用。这个项目中的模型非常通用，从工业到天体物理都有广泛的应用。我们将关注的一个特殊应用是日冕加热--当太阳表面只有几千开尔文时，太阳的大气层如何达到一百万开尔文。等离子体中的各向异性已被证明是不稳定性的重要因素。我们的新计算超越了传统方法，将有助于确定这种不稳定性的开始。目标和对象开发了一个各向异性MHD模型，并将其实现在开放访问代码中。使用该代码来研究各向异性在不稳定性非线性演化中的影响。研究各向异性如何影响MHD不稳定性中算子的非正规性。研究非正态不稳定性的演化。对于任意磁拓扑结构，定义良好的各向异性MHD的三维非线性建模是全新的。在等离子体不稳定的非正常行为中考虑各向异性效应也是新的。

The project looks at how to model anisotropic effects in plamas and to evaluate their effect in the linear and nonlinear evolution of plasma instabilities. The modelling in this project is very general and has wide-ranging applications from industry to astrophysics. One particular application that we will focus on is coronal heating - how the atmosphere of the Sun can be one million Kelvin when the surface is only a few thousand Kelvin. Anisotropy in plasmas has been shown to be important in instabilities. Our new calculations, which go beyond traditional approaches, will help to determine the onset of such instabilities.Aims and objectivesDevelop a model of anisotropic MHD and implement it in an open-access code.Use this code to study the effects of anisotropy in the nonlinear evolution of instabilities.Study how anisotropy affects the non-normality of operators in MHD instabilities.Study the evolution of non-normal instabilities.The 3D nonlinear modelling of anisotropic MHD that is well-defined for arbitrary magnetic topologies is completely new. The consideration of anisotropic effects in the non-normal behaviour of plasma instabilities is also new.