Blood Exposures Among Workers at the Clinical Center and Four Hospitals in Japan

这项研究的目的是(1)评估和比较日本四所大学医院和国立卫生研究院临床中心的护士在医疗保健环境中管理感染血源性病原体的患者的流行病学、发病机制、职业风险和适当的预防策略的知识；(2)比较所有八家机构中自我报告的遵守现有感染控制建议的水平，这些建议旨在限制接触血源性病原体的风险；(3)比较研究中五家医院的自我报告的皮肤暴露于血液的频率；(4)评估教育干预对护士对建议的遵从性和自我报告的血液暴露频率的影响。大约2000名日本护士和500名临床中心护士完成了初步调查。初步数据分析表明，在所研究的医院之间，对血液传播病原体的认识有很大差异，血液接触频率也有相应的差异。已经设计了教育干预措施，并实施了第一阶段。来自日本和美国的护士将于2001年初重新接受检查。

This study is designed (1) to evaluate and compare nurses knowledge of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, occupational risks, and appropriate prevention strategies for managing patients infected with bloodborne pathogens in the healthcare setting in four university hospitals in Japan and at the Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health; (2) to compare self-reported levels of compliance with existing infection control recommendations designed to limit risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens in all eight institutions; (3) to compare self-reported frequencies of cutaneous exposures to blood at the five hospitals in the study; and (4) to evaluate the effect of educational intervention on nurses perceived compliance with recommendations and on the frequency of self-reported exposures to blood.Approximately 2,000 Japanese and 500 Clinical Center nurses have completed the initial survey. Preliminary data analysis demonstrates a substantial difference in knowledge about bloodborne pathogens and a corresponding difference in frequency of blood exposures between the hospitals studied. An educational intervention has been designed and the first phase has been implemented. Nurses from Japan and the United States will be resurveyed in early 2001.