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A study of Renewable Energy Systems and Energy Efficient Technologies for Off-grid Community Residential Buildings in High Solar Radiation Regions

高太阳辐射地区离网社区住宅可再生能源系统及节能技术研究

基本信息

批准号：
1836559
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
Brunel University London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1836559
关键词：
study Renewable Energy Systems Efficient

项目摘要

Research objectives and questions Identify suitable stand-alone Renewable Energy Systems; two systems have been identified (a) High Concentrated Photovoltaics system to provide electricity and hot water and (b) solar-powered electrolyser system for production of hydrogen to be used as energy storage and cooking; Identify suitable Energy Efficient Technology; one promising low-cost technology has been identified - reflective (cool) paint for the external building envelope to reduce heat transfer to internal space. Identify off-the-self technologies and systems suitable for residential buildings to reduce energy demand and develop an energy management system linked to Renewable Energy Systems;Carry out a Life Cycle Analysis of (a) High Concentrated Photovoltaics system, (b) solar-powered electrolyser system and (c) reflective (cool) paint. Research methodology High Concentrated Photovoltaics system is a state of the art technology that is commercially available and continuously being researched and developed for application in high solar radiation regions because of the continuous increase in efficiency. Reflective (cool) paint is a high tech low-cost technology used to improve thermal comfort in naturally ventilated houses and reduce energy demand in air-conditioned houses. The solar-powered electrolyser system will be used to further increase the flexibility of the Renewable Energy System (via production of hydrogen to be used as energy storage and cooking), and hence the overall efficiency of the off-grid energy provision system. The integral energy and Life Cycle Analysis of the two stand-alone Renewable Energy Systems and one Energy Efficient Technology will contribute to knowledge in the area of stand-alone Renewable Energy System, new methodological approach in the development of off-grid communities and the results from this study will provide decision and policy makers with measurements of environmental and economic indicators in the drive towards sustainability.The research methods are theoretical and computational modelling and field measurements. The computational tools to be used are EnergyPlus for thermal and energy modelling and SimaPro for LCA modelling. The following research task will be carried out: EnergyPlus will be used to model energy consumption and hot water use for with and without Energy Efficient Technologies. The results with Energy Efficient Technologies will be used to size the High Concentrated Photovoltaics system and hydrogen storage; Experimental data from a High Concentrated Photovoltaics module installation in Palermo will be used to calibrate a theoretical model to provide reliable predictions for the provision of required electricity and hot water for the community; Experimental data from houses in Palermo and Portmore will be used to calibrate the EP models to ensure the accuracy of simulations. In addition, a cool roof installation in Portmore will be used to calibrate the EnergyPlus Life Cycle Analysis will be carried out using SimaPro to evaluate the embodied energy, operation energy and environmental impacts of the studied High Concentrated Photovoltaics system, solar-powered electrolyser system and reflective (cool) paint. Data required for Life Cycle Analysis analysis will be sourced from collaborating industry (IDEA Ltd and Sika International). Published data for solar-powered electrolyser system will be also used as far as possible. The Life Cycle Analysis results will be compared with available data of grid electricity Life Cycle Analysis.

研究目标和问题确定了适合独立的可再生能源系统；已经确定了两个系统：(A)高密度光伏系统，用于提供电力和热水，(B)太阳能电解槽系统，用于生产氢气，用于储能和烹饪；(B)用于生产氢气的太阳能电解槽系统，用于生产用于储能和烹饪的氢气；以及(C)确定一种有前途的低成本技术，即用于建筑外部围护结构的反光(冷)涂料，以减少对内部空间的热传递。确定适合住宅建筑的现成技术和系统，以减少能源需求，并开发与可再生能源系统挂钩的能源管理系统；对(A)高浓度光伏系统、(B)太阳能电解器系统和(C)反光(冷)涂料进行生命周期分析。研究方法高浓缩型光伏发电系统是一种可以商业化的最先进技术，由于效率的不断提高，它正在不断地研究和开发应用于高太阳辐射地区。反光(冷)涂料是一种高科技、低成本的技术，用于改善自然通风房屋的热舒适性，降低空调房屋的能源需求。太阳能电解槽系统将被用来进一步提高可再生能源系统的灵活性(通过生产氢气用作储能和烹饪)，从而提高离网能源供应系统的整体效率。两个独立的可再生能源系统和一个能效技术的综合能源和生命周期分析将有助于了解独立的可再生能源系统、离网社区发展的新方法以及这项研究的结果将为决策者和政策制定者提供实现可持续发展的环境和经济指标的衡量。研究方法是理论和计算模型以及现场测量。将使用的计算工具是用于热力和能量建模的EnergyPlus和用于LCA建模的SimaPro。将开展以下研究工作：将使用EnergyPlus对使用和不使用节能技术的能源消耗和热水使用进行建模。能源效率技术公司的研究结果将用于确定高浓度光伏系统的规模和氢气存储规模；来自巴勒莫高浓缩光伏组件安装的实验数据将用于校准理论模型，以便为社区提供所需电力和热水提供可靠的预测；巴勒莫和波特莫尔房屋的实验数据将用于校准EP模型，以确保模拟的准确性。此外，将在波特莫尔安装一个凉爽的屋顶装置来校准EnergyPlus系统，并将使用SimaPro进行生命周期分析，以评估所研究的高浓缩光伏系统、太阳能电解器系统和反光(冷)涂料的体现能量、运行能量和环境影响。生命周期分析所需的数据将来自合作行业(IDEA有限公司和西卡国际)。太阳能电解槽系统的公开数据也将尽可能使用。生命周期分析结果将与现有的电网电力生命周期分析数据进行比较。