Center for Safety in Emergency Care

本申请提出了一个多中心、跨学科的紧急护理安全中心，由佛罗里达大学、达尔豪斯大学、西北大学和布朗大学组成的研究联盟。这项工作的长期目标是建立一个中心，使其发展成为一个卓越的患者安全中心，涉及急诊护理的许多学科：例如，医学、护理、院前护理、急诊科、创伤中心、重症监护病房和心脏骤停小组。急救是安全研究和改进的重要领域；每年大约有1亿美国人在急诊科寻求治疗，由于在这种情况下护理的认知和环境要求，紧急护理中可预防的错误发生率高于其他情况。这样一个中心将在医疗保健方面发挥类似于美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心、航空安全报告系统和国家运输安全委员会在航空领域所发挥的作用。该中心将在四个领域发展对患者安全研究至关重要的专业知识：错误认知心理学和人类行为；急诊不良事件的临床流行病学分析使用资讯科技作为减少错误和提高绩效的辅助工具；以及人因工程在提高急救安全中的应用。它将有能力从多个层面研究安全问题和干预措施，如患者、护理人员、个人、任务、团队、环境和组织。该项目的第一阶段将包括一个有组织的规划过程，目的是汇集一个成功的研究小组的关键要素。这个过程需要12到18个月的时间，将建立中心的共同愿景，确定优势和需求领域，并制定和实施解决需求领域的战略，包括招聘领域专家和内部培训，以发展相关技能和专业知识。第二阶段将由第一阶段的研究团队设计和执行一个试点项目。

This application proposes a multi-center, interdisciplinary Center for Safety in Emergency Care, a research consortium of the University of Florida, Dalhousie University, Northwestern University, and Brown University. The long-term objective of this effort is to produce a center that will grow to become a center of excellence in patient safety touching many disciplines in emergency care: medical, nursing, pre-hospital care, emergency departments, trauma centers, intensive care units, and cardiac arrest teams, for example. Emergency care is an important domain for safety research and improvement; roughly 100 million Americans seek care in emergency departments each year, and due to the cognitive and environmental demands of care in such settings, preventable errors occur at a higher rate in emergency care than they do in other settings. Such a center would play a role in health care similar to that played by the NASA Ames Research Center, the Air Safety Reporting System, and the NTSB in aviation. The center will develop expertise in four domains fundamental to patient safety research: the cognitive psychology of error and human performance; the clinical epidemiology of adverse events in emergency care; the use of information technology as error-reducing and performance enhancing aids; and the application of human factors engineering to improve safety in emergency care. It will have the capacity to research safety problems and interventions at multiple levels, such as the patient, the caregiver, individual, the task, the team, the environment, and the organization. Phase I of the project will consist of an organized planning process, aimed at assembling the critical elements of a successful research team. This process, which take to 12 to 18 months, will establish a shared vision of the center, identify strengths and areas of need, and develop and implement a strategy to address the areas of need, including both recruitment of domain experts and internal training to develop the relevant skills and expertise. Phase II will involve the design and execution of a pilot project by the research team built in Phase I.