Center for Safety in Emergency Care

本申请提出了一个多中心、跨学科的急救安全中心，该中心是由佛罗里达大学、达尔豪西大学、西北大学和布朗大学组成的研究联盟。这一努力的长期目标是建立一个中心，使其成为患者安全方面的卓越中心，涉及紧急护理的许多学科：例如，医疗、护理、院前护理、急诊科、创伤中心、重症监护病房和心脏骤停小组。紧急护理是安全研究和改进的一个重要领域；每年约有1亿美国人在急诊科寻求护理，由于此类环境下对护理的认知和环境要求，紧急护理中可预防的差错率高于其他环境。这样的中心将在医疗保健方面发挥类似于NASA艾姆斯研究中心、航空安全报告系统和NTSB在航空方面的作用。该中心将在患者安全研究的四个基本领域发展专业知识：错误和人类表现的认知心理学；紧急护理中不良事件的临床流行病学；使用信息技术作为减少错误和提高表现的辅助手段；以及应用人为因素工程学来提高紧急护理中的安全性。它将有能力在多个层面上研究安全问题和干预措施，如患者、护理人员、个人、任务、团队、环境和组织。该项目的第一阶段将包括一个有组织的规划过程，旨在汇集一个成功的研究团队的关键要素。这一过程需要12到18个月的时间，将建立中心的共同愿景，确定优势和需要领域，并制定和实施一项战略，以解决需要领域的问题，包括招聘领域专家和内部培训，以发展相关技能和专门知识。第二阶段将涉及由在第一阶段建立的研究小组设计和执行一个试点项目。

This application proposes a multi-center, interdisciplinary Center for Safety in Emergency Care, a research consortium of the University of Florida, Dalhousie University, Northwestern University, and Brown University. The long-term objective of this effort is to produce a center that will grow to become a center of excellence in patient safety touching many disciplines in emergency care: medical, nursing, pre-hospital care, emergency departments, trauma centers, intensive care units, and cardiac arrest teams, for example. Emergency care is an important domain for safety research and improvement; roughly 100 million Americans seek care in emergency departments each year, and due to the cognitive and environmental demands of care in such settings, preventable errors occur at a higher rate in emergency care than they do in other settings. Such a center would play a role in health care similar to that played by the NASA Ames Research Center, the Air Safety Reporting System, and the NTSB in aviation. The center will develop expertise in four domains fundamental to patient safety research: the cognitive psychology of error and human performance; the clinical epidemiology of adverse events in emergency care; the use of information technology as error-reducing and performance enhancing aids; and the application of human factors engineering to improve safety in emergency care. It will have the capacity to research safety problems and interventions at multiple levels, such as the patient, the caregiver, individual, the task, the team, the environment, and the organization. Phase I of the project will consist of an organized planning process, aimed at assembling the critical elements of a successful research team. This process, which take to 12 to 18 months, will establish a shared vision of the center, identify strengths and areas of need, and develop and implement a strategy to address the areas of need, including both recruitment of domain experts and internal training to develop the relevant skills and expertise. Phase II will involve the design and execution of a pilot project by the research team built in Phase I.