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Data mining for surface change discovery on the lunar surface from orbital images

从轨道图像中发现月球表面表面变化的数据挖掘

基本信息

批准号：
1912521
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1912521
关键词：
Data mining surface change discovery

项目摘要

Transient events on the lunar surface, known as impact flashes (Boulet et al., 2012), have been observed by amateur and professional astronomers, for at least the last 450 years (Buratti et al., 2000). These are believed to be primarily due to meteoritic impacts, although there is some multispectral image evidence of volcanic emissions. However, there is only very limited evidence of the origin of these flashes in orbital images (loc.cit. and Buratti & Johnson, 2003) which have been published to date. One of the reasons for this is the massive task of working through a very large number of images acquired of the Moon from sources as diverse as Apollo astronaut photography, Lunar orbiter digitised film, CLEMENTINE multispectral frame images and the more recent pushbroom images from LROC. Unfortunately, these images are not all uniformly co-registered to any base dataset and many do not even have any georeferencing information. Under the STFC change detection using data mining project (MSSL Consolidated grant ST/K000977/1), techniques have been developed for automated co-registration, DTM retrieval and subsequent orthorectification to produce time series of sub-pixel co-registered ORIs. However, these have only been applied to orbital images of Mars. In this project, it is planned to modify and apply these automated registration techniques to the Moon employing all the relevant image data from the 1960s to the present-day very high resolution (<20cm) image data of the Moon from Japanese, Indian, Chinese and US sensors. Data mining techniques will be employed to search for changes in lunar images after applying image normalisation to take into account differences in the viewing and illumination conditions and their interaction with the surface. These data mining results will also be validated using data from the MoonZoo project, where available, to assess which is the best source. Any changes detected will then be studied using the vast panoply of spectral and directional measurements available from orbit today in addition to the generation of the highest possible DTMs. Automated crater detection software, developed by the incoming student during his MSc Space Science dissertation, will be used to map large regions where new craters have been detected to determine what effect such random impacts have on the age dating using crater chronology methods developed by Neukum (1983,1984) Cited referencesBouley et al. (2012) Power and duration of impact flashes on the Moon: Implication for the cause of radiation. Icarus, vol. 218 pp. 115-124Buratti et al. (2000) Lunar Transient Phenomena: What Do the Clementine Images Reveal? Icarus, vol. 146 pp. 98-117Buratti and Johnson. (2013) Identification of the lunar flash of 1953 with a fresh crater on the moon's surface. Icarus, vol. 161 pp. 192-197Neukum, G.(1984) Meteorite bombardment and dating of planetary surfaces. Thesis - Feb. 1983. NASA Technical Memorandum TM-77558 (English translation of German thesis published originally in February 1983), pp. 1-158.

月球表面的瞬态事件，称为撞击闪光（Boulet等人，2012年），已经被业余和专业天文学家观察到，至少在过去的450年里（Buratti等人，2000年）。据信，这主要是由于陨石撞击造成的，尽管有一些火山喷发的多光谱图像证据。然而，在轨道图像中只有非常有限的证据表明这些闪光的起源（loc.cit.和Buratti &约翰逊，2003），这些文献至今已发表。其中一个原因是，要处理大量的月球图像，这些图像来自阿波罗宇航员摄影、月球轨道器数字化胶片、CLEMENTINE多光谱帧图像和LROC最近的推扫式图像等各种来源。不幸的是，这些图像并没有统一地配准到任何基础数据集，许多图像甚至没有任何地理参考信息。根据STFC变化检测使用数据挖掘项目（MSSL统一赠款ST/K 000977/1），技术已经开发的自动配准，DTM检索和随后的正射校正，以产生时间序列的子像素配准ORI。然而，这些仅适用于火星的轨道图像。在该项目中，计划利用日本、印度、中国和美国传感器提供的从1960年代到目前的超高分辨率（<20厘米）月球图像数据的所有相关图像数据，修改这些自动登记技术并将其应用于月球。将采用数据挖掘技术来搜索图像归一化后的月球图像的变化，以考虑到观察和照明条件的差异及其与表面的相互作用。这些数据挖掘结果也将使用MoonZoo项目的数据进行验证，以评估哪一个是最佳来源。然后，除了生成尽可能高的DTM之外，还将使用今天从轨道上获得的大量光谱和方向测量来研究所检测到的任何变化。自动陨石坑探测软件由即将入学的学生在他的空间科学硕士论文中开发，将用于绘制已探测到新陨石坑的大片区域，以确定这种随机影响对使用Neukum开发的陨石坑年代学方法进行年龄测定的影响。Bouley et al.（2012）Power and duration of impact flashes on the Moon：Implication for the cause of radiation.（1983，1984）引用的参考文献。《伊卡洛斯》，第218卷，页。115-124 Buratti等（2000）月球瞬态现象：克莱门汀图像揭示了什么？《伊卡洛斯》，第146卷，pp. 98-117布拉蒂和约翰逊。（2013）1953年的月球闪光与月球表面的新陨石坑的识别。《伊卡洛斯》，第161卷，pp. 192-197Neukum，G. 1984年：《陨石轰击和行星表面的年代测定》。论文-1983年2月。美国航天局技术备忘录TM-77558（德文论文的英文译文，最初于1983年2月出版），pp. 1-158.