HEARING LOSS AND THE PERCEPTION OF COMPLEX SOUND

听力损失和复杂声音的感知

• 批准号: 6516085
• 负责人: MARJORIE R. LEEK
• 金额: $ 16.18万
• 依托单位: HENRY M. JACKSON FDN FOR THE ADV MIL/MED
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-04-01 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6516085
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; auditory stimulus; auditory threshold; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; hearing tests; human subject; neural information processing; noise; psychoacoustics; sensorineural hearing loss; sound frequency; speech; speech recognition

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted From The Applicant's Abstract) A primary operation of the inner ear is the division of acoustic stimuli into the activities of separate bands, often called cochlear filters. A history of experimentation directed at measurement of these filters has shown them to be wider in listeners with cochlear impairments than in subjects with normal hearing, an important consideration in explaining diminished speech intelligibility in noise generally found with such impairment. Historically, studies of cochlear filter have concentrated on their amplitude spectra, i.e., their frequency responses, but the present program of research has joined cutting edge research on phase responses of the filters. These data will have a dual function. First, they have considerable value for our basic understanding of auditory function; secondly, in providing information about the dynamic processing of components both within and across channels, they address issues related to the lister's ability to utilize information in the intensity and frequency contours of speech. The traditional way to tailor a hearing aid for the individual was to match the gain characteristics of the aid to threshold data from the patient. However, with the advent of powerful digital techniques for modifying the processing algorithms for new aids, it will be possible to take advantage of knowledge of the phase characteristics of cochlear filters in the patient to increase the effective signal-to-noise ratios and hence the discriminability of speech signals in everyday listening. With this in mind, the experiments on phase effects in normal and abnormal cochleas will ask how temporal processing within the auditory channels enhances spectral contrast and sensitivity to change. Both normal hearing and impaired listeners will be tested using psychophysical methods as well as tests of the acoustic reflex, a tool commonly used in audiology to measure sensitivity.

描述：（改编自申请人的摘要） 内耳的运作是将声刺激分为 分离的频带的活动，通常称为耳蜗滤波器。 历史 针对这些滤波器的测量的实验已经表明， 耳蜗损伤的听者比受试者更宽 听力正常，解释听力下降的一个重要考虑因素是 语音清晰度在噪声中通常发现这种损害。 从历史上看，耳蜗滤波器的研究集中在其 振幅谱，即，他们的频率响应，但目前 一项研究计划加入了相位响应的前沿研究 的过滤器。 这些数据将具有双重功能。 一是 对我们基本了解听觉功能有相当大的价值; 第二，在提供关于动态处理的信息时， 渠道内和渠道间的组件，解决与 到列表者的能力，利用信息的强度和 语音的频率轮廓。 定制听证会的传统方式 对个人的援助是匹配援助的增益特性， 对病人的数据进行阈值处理 然而，随着 强大的数字技术，用于修改处理算法， 新的艾滋病，将有可能利用知识的优势， 患者耳蜗滤波器的相位特性，以增加 有效的信号噪声比，因此， 日常听力中的语音信号。 考虑到这一点， 在正常和异常耳蜗中的相位效应的实验将询问 听觉通道内的时间处理如何增强频谱 对比度和对变化的敏感性。 听力正常和受损 将使用心理物理方法和测试来测试听众， 听觉反射是听力学中常用的一种工具， 灵敏度