Exploring determinants of different forms of human trafficking and migrant labour exploitation to inform prevention interventions. (specification by c

目的：应用公共卫生方法了解增加移民风险或保护他们免受剥削的因素，并促进安全移民倡议。目标草案：(在确定国家和目标人口时增加更具体的内容).确定移徙不同阶段(考虑、准备、过境和抵达)的个人、家庭和社区一级的剥削风险因素，包括劳工剥削；查明移徙战略和潜在的保护因素，以便采取更安全的劳工移徙干预措施；评估移徙者如何在移徙的不同阶段寻求和重视信息；评估移徙者在移徙的不同阶段利用信息和通信技术(信通技术)获取信息和(或)减轻风险的方式；考虑适应和使用的理论方法，以指导预防剥削的干预措施；描述用于评估移徙周期中的风险和保护因素的研究方法和数据收集工具(可能是信通技术)的优缺点。在本范围阶段(2017年10月至11月)确定的与自由基金热点方案高度相关的潜在地理和专题领域是：在LSHTMJe-S的ESRC学生来自登记处2奖学金小组的信息请求缅甸：强迫移徙和罗兴亚人贩卖新娘的增加。黎巴嫩：居住在黎巴嫩的叙利亚和巴勒斯坦难民中的童工。泰国：国内和国际劳工移徙到泰国渔业，成功的移徙旅程和评估风险和保护因素的各种剥削结果。埃塞俄比亚：在中东和海湾国家寻求就业的年轻妇女作为家庭帮手寻求信息的行为；他们如何确定就业，如何获得旅行证件，过境物流，等等。印度：为纺织业工作而移民的妇女和青年的内部移民风险。建议的方法：我的研究的第一阶段将包括专家咨询、自由基金热点绘图和系统审查选定自由基金会热点地区的移民和劳工剥削文献(总结任何确定风险因素的文献、绘制奴隶制预防和应对干预措施图、确定干预评估等)。[目前正在进行，计划于2017年11月底结束]。本研究的实证数据收集部分将采用混合方法。我将与多个目标人群(潜在移民、移民工人、相关行业劳动力、移民家庭等)进行定性的深入访谈(和/或焦点小组讨论)。我还会选择另外两种方法：a)在与自由基金会合作选择的一个或多个地点对回归的移民工人进行定量数据收集；ORB)多阶段的“纵向”研究，跟踪移民从出发前到目的地以及可能返回的情况。作为ESRC奖学金获得者的考虑：进行经济及社会研究理事会(ESRC)和自由基金共同资助的博士学习将直接塑造我作为社会科学家、学者和公共卫生专家的职业生涯，在我已经投入大量资金的领域。ESRC旨在促进和支持关于社会和经济问题的高质量研究和相关研究生培训。剥削移徙劳工的全球现象既是也是需要采取跨学科和混合方法的办法。我相信，这一培训将使我能够进行研究，与一系列受益者接触，并产生新的证据，纳入与移徙、安全和卫生有关的干预措施和政策。

Aim: To apply a public health approach to understand factors that increase migrants' risk of or protect them from exploitation and promote safe migration initiatives. Draft objectives: (more specificity added when country and target population are confirmed).Identify individual, household and community level risk factors for exploitation at the various stages of migration (contemplation, preparation, transit and arrival), including labour exploitation; Identify migration strategies and potential protective factors to inform safer labour migration interventions; Assess how migrants seek and value information at the various stages of migration; Assess the ways migrants use Information and Communication Technology (ICT) at the various stages of migration to seek information and/or mitigate risk; Consider theoretical approaches for adaptation and use to guide interventions to prevent exploitation; Describe strengths and weaknesses of research methodologies and data collection tools (potentially ICT) to assess risk and protective factors in the migration cycle. Potential geographical and thematic areas being identified during the current scoping phase (October-November 2017) highly relevant to Freedom Fund hotspot programming, are:ESRC Studentships at LSHTMJe-S Information Requestfrom the Scholarships Team in Registry2Myanmar: Forced migration and increased bride trafficking of the Rohingya population.Lebanon: Child labour amongst Syrian and Palestinian refugees residing in Lebanon.Thailand: Domestic and international labour migration to the Thai fishing industry, both successful migration journeys and the various exploitative outcomes to assess risk and protective factors.Ethiopia: The information seeking behaviors of young women seeking employment in the Middle East and Gulf States as domestic help; how they identified employment, how they secured travel documents, transit logistics, etc.India: Internal migration risks for women and youth migrating for textile industry work.Proposed methodological approaches:The first stages of my research will consist of expert consultations, Freedom Fund hotspot mapping and systematically reviewing the literature on migration and labour exploitation in the selected Freedom Fund hotspot (summarising any literature identifying risk factors, mapping slavery prevention and response interventions, identifying intervention evaluations, etc.) [currently taking place and scheduled to conclude by end of November 2017]. The empirical data collection component of this research will employ a mixed method approach. I will conduct qualitative in-depth interviews (and/or focus group discussions) with multiple target populations (prospective migrants, migrant workers, relevant industry workforces, families of migrants, etc.). I will also choose between two additional methodological approaches:a) quantitative data collection among returnee migrant workers at a site or sites selected in collaboration with the Freedom Fund; orb) multi-phased 'longitudinal' research to follow a cohort of migrants from pre-departure to destination and possible return.Considerations as an ESRC scholarship awardee:Undertaking an Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) and Freedom Fund Cofunded doctoral study will directly shape my career as a social scientist, scholar and public health specialist in a field in which I have come to be deeply invested. The ESRC aims to promote and support high-quality research and related postgraduate training on social and economic issues. The global phenomena of migrant labour exploitation is both and will require an interdisciplinary and mixed-methods approach. I am confident that this training will equip me to conduct research that engages with a range of beneficiaries and producesevidence that will feed into interventions and policies related to migration, safety and health.