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Mineral physics of icy planetary bodies

冰冷行星体的矿物物理学

基本信息

批准号：
1924469
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1924469
关键词：
Mineral physics icy planetary bodies

项目摘要

The outer solar system contains a large number of ice-rich objects, ranging in size from a few km to a few thousand km across; the latter includes the Jovian satellites Ganymede and Callisto and the Saturnian moon Titan, each of which are larger than the planet Mercury. It has been recognised for many decades that the 'ice' portion of these large icy bodies will have inherited additional volatile and non-volatile constituents from their 'dirty snowball' accretionary precursors and will also have undergone substantial hydrothermal processing during core differentiation. The result of this is that the 'ice' layers will contain a range of hydrate compounds as 'rock-forming minerals'. However, it is only in the last 20 years that experimental and computational mineral physics methods have provided the tools to determine the behaviour of these materials under the relevant conditions of pressure and temperature (0 < P < 5 GPa, 100 < T < 400 K). Such work is essential to ensure an accurate basis for structural and evolutionary modelling, which in turn provides the means of interpreting observational data from remote and in situ planetary exploration.The aim of this studentship is to address long-standing problems in the structure and properties of high-pressure hydrate minerals, synthesising and recovering high-P polymorphs or dissociation products of materials such as meridianiite (MgSO4.11H2O), mirabilite (Na2SO4.10H2O), ammonia dihydrate (NH3.2H2O) and various sulfuric acid hydrates (H2SO4.nH2O).

外太阳系包含大量富含冰的天体，大小从几公里到几千公里不等;后者包括木星的卫星木卫三和木卫四以及土星的卫星泰坦，每一个都比水星大。几十年来，人们已经认识到，这些大型冰体的“冰”部分将继承额外的挥发性和非挥发性成分，从它们的“脏雪球”增生前体，也将经历大量的热液处理过程中核心分化。这样做的结果是，“冰”层将包含一系列水合物化合物作为“岩石形成矿物”。然而，直到最近20年，实验和计算矿物物理学方法才提供了确定这些材料在相关压力和温度条件下（0 < P < 5 GPa，100 < T < 400 K）行为的工具。这项工作对于确保结构和演化建模的准确基础至关重要，而结构和演化建模反过来又提供了解释远程和现场行星探测观测数据的手段。合成和回收高磷多晶型物或材料的解离产物，（MgSO 4·11 H2O）、芒硝（Na 2SO 4·10 H2O）、二水合氨（NH3·2 H2O）和各种硫酸水合物（H2SO 4·nH 2 O）。