Comparing Nigerian states: Anti-corruption and the sub-state environment

尼日利亚各州比较：反腐败和次州环境

• 批准号: 1939420
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Sussex
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1939420
• 关键词: Comparing; Nigerian; states; Anti; corruption

The study of corruption is evolving: if renewed focus from the 1990s brought attention to a neglected issue, highlighting corruption's pervasiveness and harmful effects, then the priority today is to better understand what works in policy responses. I argue that one significant weakness nonetheless remains the fixation with the nation-state as the unit of analysis. This both limits the depth to which we understand more localised corruption issues and the sophistication of responses to combat the problem. Through a comparison of six sub-state units in Nigeria (here on known as 'states' as defined in the Nigerian constitution), the study will assess how the quality of governance - that is, the norms andinstitutions by which authority is exercised at a level below the nation-state - influences the effects and intended goals of anti-corruption mechanisms.The study will build on recent research in the corruption field which aims to improve the depth of analysis of corruption issues and the appropriateness of responses (Johnston, 2005; Hough, 2013; Zaum, 2013; Andreoni, Khan & Roy,2016) A common theme in this work is the importance of appreciating context - both in terms of acknowledging corruption's varying drivers, forms and effects, as well as the potential of the enabling environment for reform - to design appropriatepolicy responses. The distinctive feature of this study will be to bring these ideas to the level of government below the nation-state. In focussing on the sub-state, where there is closer everyday interaction between government and people, the study aims to contribute research with high operational relevance and impact.Nigeria is an apt country to explore this theme. Since election in 2015 President Muhammadu Buhari has embarked on a high profile anti-corruption campaign. Expectations of the programme are considerable and, given Nigeria's regional statureand size, it is imperative to better understand what approaches can work, particularly as past anticorruption drives have proven to be false dawns. Nigeria is further a leading global recipient of international development assistance, including from the UK. The Department for International Development (DFID) has initiated a £100m programme aiming to promote public sector accountability and reduce corruption (2016 - 2021). This study therefore has high potential value to Nigerian and external policymakers and will critically consider how current approaches might be rethought.The study will feature innovative profiles of the governance environment in six states. The research method will be qualitative, enabling in-depth of analysis of state conditions, and will draw out distinctions through paired comparisons of casestudies. The study will take a national anti-corruption intervention, support to improve standards and promote state parliamentary assemblies as an anticorruption tool, to explore how outcomes diverge due to governance. As a supervisor of behaviour of elected officials and mechanism of public accountability, the role of parliaments as an anticorruption mechanism is recognised, but has been subject to only limited research (DFID, 2012). The study will add to the evidence base and explore how the effectiveness of parliaments in anti-corruption can be improved if sub-state conditions are taken into account.The study will use Nigeria as a stepping point to explore the broader theoretical question of the relevance of the sub-state to anti-corruption responses. Drawing on recent work in political science on the limitations of methodologicalnationalism for regional study (Jeffrey, 2013), I will consider how corruption research methodologies can incorporate sub-state analysis, and what lessons from the Nigeria example might be taken elsewhere.

对腐败的研究正在不断发展：如果说 20 世纪 90 年代重新关注的焦点引起了人们对一个被忽视的问题的关注，强调了腐败的普遍性和有害影响，那么今天的首要任务是更好地了解政策反应中的有效方法。我认为，一个重大弱点仍然是把民族国家作为分析单位。这既限制了我们了解更多局部腐败问题的深度，也限制了解决该问题的对策的复杂性。通过对尼日利亚六个次国家单位（这里称为尼日利亚宪法中定义的“国家”）的比较，该研究将评估治理质量（即在民族国家以下级别行使权力的规范和制度）如何影响反腐败机制的效果和预期目标。该研究将建立在腐败领域的最新研究基础上，旨在提高对腐败问题和腐败问题的分析深度。 应对措施的适当性（Johnston，2005；Hough，2013；Zaum，2013；Andreoni、Khan & Roy，2016）这项工作的一个共同主题是了解背景的重要性——无论是在承认腐败的不同驱动因素、形式和影响方面，还是在为改革提供有利环境的潜力方面——以设计适当的政策应对措施。这项研究的显着特点是将这些想法带到民族国家以下的政府层面。该研究重点关注政府与人民之间日常互动更加密切的次州，旨在贡献具有高度操作相关性和影响力的研究。尼日利亚是探索这一主题的合适国家。自 2015 年当选以来，总统穆罕默德·布哈里 (Muhammadu Buhari) 开始了高调的反腐败运动。人们对该计划的期望很高，考虑到尼日利亚的地区地位和规模，有必要更好地了解哪些方法可以发挥作用，特别是因为过去的反腐败行动已被证明是虚假的曙光。尼日利亚还是全球主要的国际发展援助接受国，其中包括来自英国的援助。国际发展部 (DFID) 启动了一项 1 亿英镑的计划，旨在促进公共部门问责制和减少腐败（2016 年至 2021 年）。因此，这项研究对尼日利亚和外部政策制定者具有很高的潜在价值，并将批判性地考虑如何重新思考当前的方法。该研究将以六个州治理环境的创新概况为特色。研究方法将是定性的，能够深入分析国情，并通过案例研究的配对比较来区分。该研究将以国家反腐败干预、支持提高标准和促进州议会议会作为反腐败工具，探讨治理结果如何出现差异。作为民选官员行为的监督者和公共问责机制，议会作为反腐败机制的作用得到了认可，但仅进行了有限的研究（英国国际发展部，2012）。该研究将增加证据基础，并探讨在考虑次国家条件的情况下如何提高议会反腐败的有效性。该研究将以尼日利亚为起点，探讨次国家与反腐败应对措施的相关性这一更广泛的理论问题。借鉴政治学领域关于区域研究方法论民族主义局限性的最新研究成果（Jeffrey，2013），我将考虑腐败研究方法如何纳入次国家分析，以及尼日利亚例子中的哪些教训可以在其他地方借鉴。