Anti-fungal garlic-derived polysulfides:- Modes of action and applications in food crop protection (HAMILTON_U17ICASE)

在许多化学农药引起的环境和健康问题的推动下，现在迫切需要在粮食作物保护计划中使用替代的虫害防治方法。大蒜提取物对多种粮食作物害虫具有广谱的活性，提供了有吸引力的虫害防治替代方案，这些方案是可生物降解的，对人类和动物福利的风险较小。大蒜提取物中最显著的生物活性成分是一系列被称为二烯丙基多硫化物(DAP)的不寻常的有机硫分子。初步研究表明，一旦DAP进入目标病原体，其生物活性可通过与谷胱甘肽等硫醇辅助因子反应而扰乱细胞内的氧化还原状态，最终导致细胞死亡。该项目与ECOSprap(http://www.ecospray.com/))合作，旨在：1.从生化水平上揭示DAP如何在真菌病原体中诱导氧化应激。揭示这与它们在真菌生命周期的不同阶段的作用有何关联。在田间试验环境中，使用这些信息来优化DAP处理方案，以保护多种粮食作物(例如。土豆、豌豆、西红柿)防治真菌害虫。

Prompted by environmental and health concerns associated with many chemical pesticides there is now an urgent need for alternative pest control methods in food crop protection programs.Garlic extracts display broad spectrum activity against numerous food crop pests, offering appealing pest control alternatives, which are biodegradable and pose less risk to humans and animal welfare. The most prominent bioactive components in garlic extracts are a series of unusual organosulfur molecules known as diallyl-polysulfides (DAPS). Preliminary studies indicate that once DAPS enter the target pathogen their bioactivity can be triggered by reaction with thiol cofactors such as glutathione to perturb the intracellular redox status and ultimately cause cell death. In collaboration with ECOspray (http://www.ecospray.com/) this project aims to:1. Unravel how DAPS induce oxidative stress in fungal pathogens at the biochemical level.2. Reveal how this correlates with their effects different stages of the fungal life cycle3. Use this information, in field trial settings, to optimise DAPS treatment regimens to protect numerous food crops (eg. Potato, pea, tomato) against fungal pests.