Contrasting treatment for word retrieval impairments

由左脑疾病引起的失语症患者的一个突出症状是名词或动词的单词提取困难。最近对词提取障碍治疗的研究受到认知神经心理学模型的影响，该模型认识到词提取涉及一系列复杂的词汇过程，包括语义和语音阶段。随后，研究纳入了修复性的语义或语音处理，并在一些个体的单词提取能力方面有了明显的改善，特别是对名词。人们较少关注可能引发其他认知过程的替代词提取治疗的效果，对动词没有治疗效果，以及比较相同失语症患者的不同治疗方法。在我们的研究中，我们建议为一系列词汇任务开发标准化数据，以评估名词和动词的理解和产生。我们稍后将给失语症患者使用电池，以记录单词提取障碍的性质。然后，我们将完成一系列的研究，在这些研究中，我们对比了两种单词提取方法。修复性处理将鼓励使用典型的语义和语音单词提取过程，而替代性言语手势处理将鼓励使用哑剧来唤起相应的言语反应。我们将比较名词和动词的治疗效果。我们将评估在结构性单词提取任务中的表现，以及在治疗结果的对话和功能测量方面的表现。在最后的实验中，我们将使用功能磁共振成像来研究治疗效果的神经关联。

A prominent symptom seen in individuals with aphasia due to left cerebral hemisphere disease is difficulty with word retrieval affecting either nouns or verbs. Recent investigation of treatments for word retrieval impairments have been influenced by cognitive neuropsychological models which recognize that word retrieval involves a complex set of lexical processes including semantic and phonologic stages. Subsequently, studies have incorporated restitutive semantic or phonologic treatments and have demonstrative improvements in word retrieval abilities in some individuals, particularly for nouns. Less attention has been given to examining the effects of substitutive word retrieval treatments that might invoke other cognitive processes, no treatment effects for verbs, and to comparing different treatments in the same individuals with aphasia. In our studies, we propose to develop normative data for a battery of lexical tasks assessing comprehension and production of nouns and verbs. We will later administer the battery the battery to patients with aphasia to document the nature of the word retrieval impairments. We then will complete a series of studies in which we contrast two word retrieval treatments. The restitutive treatment will encourage the use of typical semantic and phonologic word retrieval processes, whereas the substitutive verbal+ gestural treatment will encourage the use of pantomimes to evoke a corresponding verbal response. We will compare treatment effects for both nouns and verbs. We will assess performance in structural word retrieval tasks as well as in conversational and functional measures of treatment outcome. In a final experiment, we will study the neural correlates of treatment effects using fMRI.