Contrasting treatment for word retrieval impairments

单词检索障碍的对比治疗

• 批准号: 6448958
• 负责人: Anastasia Marie Raymer
• 金额: $ 18.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-06-01 至 2002-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6448958
• 关键词: aphasia; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; human therapy evaluation; learning; medical rehabilitation related tag; paralinguistic behavior; phonology; rehabilitation; stroke therapy; training; verbal learning

A prominent symptom seen in individuals with aphasia due to left cerebral hemisphere disease is difficulty with word retrieval affecting either nouns or verbs. Recent investigation of treatments for word retrieval impairments have been influenced by cognitive neuropsychological models which recognize that word retrieval involves a complex set of lexical processes including semantic and phonologic stages. Subsequently, studies have incorporated restitutive semantic or phonologic treatments and have demonstrative improvements in word retrieval abilities in some individuals, particularly for nouns. Less attention has been given to examining the effects of substitutive word retrieval treatments that might invoke other cognitive processes, no treatment effects for verbs, and to comparing different treatments in the same individuals with aphasia. In our studies, we propose to develop normative data for a battery of lexical tasks assessing comprehension and production of nouns and verbs. We will later administer the battery the battery to patients with aphasia to document the nature of the word retrieval impairments. We then will complete a series of studies in which we contrast two word retrieval treatments. The restitutive treatment will encourage the use of typical semantic and phonologic word retrieval processes, whereas the substitutive verbal+ gestural treatment will encourage the use of pantomimes to evoke a corresponding verbal response. We will compare treatment effects for both nouns and verbs. We will assess performance in structural word retrieval tasks as well as in conversational and functional measures of treatment outcome. In a final experiment, we will study the neural correlates of treatment effects using fMRI.

左脑半球疾病导致的失语症患者的一个突出症状是难以检索影响名词或动词的单词。最近对单词检索障碍治疗的研究受到认知神经心理学模型的影响，该模型认识到单词检索涉及一组复杂的词汇过程，包括语义和语音阶段。随后，研究结合了恢复性语义或语音治疗，并在某些个体的单词检索能力（特别是名词）方面取得了明显的改善。人们较少关注检查可能引发其他认知过程的替代词检索治疗的效果，没有对动词的治疗效果，以及比较同一失语症患者的不同治疗方法。在我们的研究中，我们建议为一系列评估名词和动词的理解和产生的词汇任务开发规范数据。稍后我们将对失语症患者进行电池测试，以记录单词检索障碍的性质。然后我们将完成一系列研究，对比两种单词检索处理方法。 恢复性治疗将鼓励使用典型的语义和语音单词检索过程，而替代性言语+手势治疗将鼓励使用哑剧来引起相应的言语反应。我们将比较名词和动词的治疗效果。我们将评估结构性单词检索任务以及治疗结果的会话和功能测量的表现。在最后的实验中，我们将使用功能磁共振成像研究治疗效果的神经相关性。