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Functionally Graded Piezoelectric Composites for Strain Energy Harvesting in Car Tyres.

用于汽车轮胎应变能量收集的功能梯度压电复合材料。

基本信息

批准号：
1941829
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Bath
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1941829
关键词：
Functionally Graded Piezoelectric Composites Strain

项目摘要

The pressure of automotive tyres is an important factor with regards to the user's safety, tyre wear/lifetime, and vehicle fuel consumptions. As a result, a key device which is now compulsory by law in the U.S. and most of Europe, is an electronic Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS). These are often fitted in the tyre cavity and are powered off self-housed batteries in order to achieve the wireless connection linking to the car dashboard. Unfortunately the use of batteries in this application presents several challenges including their limited life cycle, difficult accessibility for maintenance, and issues of recycling and disposal. A potential solution to the high reliance on batteries is the implementation of new energy harvesting sensors based upon the direct piezoelectric effect. This is essentially the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy via materials exhibiting piezoelectric properties.The high-strain environment in automotive tyres is inevitable, so the ability to convert the resulting deformation energy into a useful electrical supply is a great benefit. Previous research and present devices have focused heavily on piezo-ceramics due to their ideal piezo-functional behaviour. However, these materials are brittle and unreliable under the high operating strain conditions. Resulting solutions are often more complex and therefore expensive. The cheaper alternatives are polymer-based devices, which have the benefit of being flexible but the operation temperatures of the automotive tyre pose challenges for their incorporation.This project aims to develop innovative tri-phase composites based upon piezo-ceramic particulates within a porous-polymer system. The novel composite should tailor the constituent material properties for easy integration into the tyre itself, including functional stability within the high operating conditions. Additionally, the design aims to enhance the energy harvesting ability and meet the potential demand for low-cost mass production.Optimisation of the properties for this application will involve careful design of the microstructure, including the influence of topological factors. The connectivity, morphology and size distributions of both pores and ceramic particulates will be investigated alongside different fabrication methods. The relationship between these microstructural features and final electromechanical properties in the composite will be explored via a new model. Essential research in the project will also be the individual electro-thermo-mechanical studies of the constituent phases, both via the literature and experimental outcomes.The overall project objective is to develop a self-powered system based on existing TPMS with the potential for mass production. The optimisation of energy harvesting figures of merit will need to be assessed by deformation tests on the flexible composite films and analysis undertaken on compatible electrodes. Preliminary prototype testing will then help characterise the component feasibility. The research work is relevant to the EPSRC as self-powering devices are being sought for advancing wireless technologies with the potential to benefit many areas of everyday live via the Internet of Thing (IoT). Additionally, the project focuses heavily on innovative design and material developments within the field of engineering.

汽车轮胎的压力是关系到使用者的安全、轮胎磨损/寿命和车辆油耗的一个重要因素。因此，电子轮胎压力监测系统(TPMS)是目前美国和欧洲大部分国家法律强制要求的一个关键设备。它们通常安装在轮胎腔内，并由自带电池供电，以实现与汽车仪表盘的无线连接。不幸的是，电池在这一应用中的使用带来了几个挑战，包括它们的生命周期有限，难以获得维护，以及回收和处置问题。对电池的高度依赖的一个潜在解决方案是实现基于直接压电效应的新的能量收集传感器。这本质上是通过表现出压电特性的材料将机械能转换为电能。汽车轮胎中的高应变环境是不可避免的，因此将产生的变形能转化为有用的电力供应的能力是一个巨大的好处。以前的研究和目前的器件主要集中在压电陶瓷上，因为它们具有理想的压电功能行为。然而，这些材料在高工作应变条件下是脆性和不可靠的。由此产生的解决方案通常更加复杂，因此成本高昂。成本较低的替代方案是基于聚合物的装置，这种装置具有灵活性的优点，但汽车轮胎的工作温度对它们的结合构成了挑战。该项目旨在开发基于多孔聚合物系统中的压电陶瓷颗粒的创新三相复合材料。这种新型复合材料应该定制组成材料的性能，以便于整合到轮胎本身中，包括在高运行条件下的功能稳定性。此外，设计的目的是增强能量收集能力，满足低成本大规模生产的潜在需求。为了优化这种应用的性能，需要仔细设计微结构，包括拓扑因素的影响。除了不同的制备方法外，还将研究气孔和陶瓷颗粒的连通性、形貌和尺寸分布。这些微观结构特征与复合材料最终机电性能之间的关系将通过一个新的模型来探索。该项目的基本研究还将是通过文献和实验结果对组成阶段进行单独的电-热-机械研究。总体项目目标是在现有TPMS的基础上开发一种具有大规模生产潜力的自供电系统。能量采集优值系数的优化需要通过对柔性复合膜的变形测试和对兼容电极进行的分析来评估。初步的原型测试将有助于确定部件的可行性。这项研究工作与EPSRC相关，因为人们正在寻找自我供电的设备，以推动无线技术的进步，并有可能通过物联网(IoT)造福于日常生活的许多领域。此外，该项目将重点放在工程领域的创新设计和材料开发上。