INTERPERSONAL CONTEXT OF ADOLESCENT DEPRESSION

尽管最近广泛认识到儿童抑郁症作为一个有效的和潜在的衰弱的临床现象，仍然存在争议的病因，意义和预后的权力，抑郁症在儿童。 这项研究的主要目的是在疾病的早期阶段确定抑郁症的前因和后遗症。 一个特别的重点是放在了解抑郁症在青春期的上升，特别是在女孩。 指导研究的模型假定，以父母抑郁和终身家庭破裂形式出现的家庭功能障碍会促进人际关系和无效应对的适应不良概念的发展，从而导致抑郁症的脆弱性。压力的情况下，包括规范的发展过渡的谈判，假设激活这种脆弱性，导致抑郁症在过渡时期。由于女孩的个人特点以及在青春期经历的独特挑战，预计女孩对这些过程最敏感。 最后，抑郁症预计会引起进一步的心理社会破坏，这增加了在整个青春期持续或复发障碍的可能性。 将使用前瞻性、多信息者、多方法设计来检查所提出的多变量模型。从社区样本中选择抑郁、外化和比较儿童进行为期2年半的随访，以探讨抑郁症早期发病和复发的社会认知、情感、人际和背景过程。最终，预计从这些研究中获得的知识可以为旨在治疗儿童期发病的抑郁症的基于经验的干预计划的创建提供信息。

Despite recent widespread recognition of child depression as a valid and potentially debilitating clinical phenomenon, controversy remains as to the etiology, significance, and prognostic power of depression in childhood. The primary goal of the proposed research is to identify the antecedents and sequelae of depression during the early course of disorder. A particular focus is placed on understanding the rise in depression during adolescence, especially in girls. The model guiding the research posits that family dysfunction in the form of parental depression and lifetime family disruptions fosters the development of maladaptive conceptions of interpersonal relationships and ineffective coping, which create a vulnerability to depression. Stressful circumstances, including the negotiation of normative developmental transitions, are hypothesized to activate this vulnerability, leading to depression during transition periods. Girls are expected to be most sensitive to these processes due to personal characteristics as well as the experience of unique challenges during adolescence. Finally, depression is expected to induce further psychosocial disruption, which increases the likelihood of persistence or recurrence of disorder across adolescence. This proposed multivariate model will be examined using a prospective, multi-informant, multi-method design. Subgroups of depressed, externalizing, and comparison children selected from a community sample will be followed over a period of 2 1/2 years to explore the social-cognitive, affective, interpersonal, and contextual processes underlying onset and recurrence of depression during the early course of disorder. Ultimately, it is anticipated that knowledge from such research can inform the creation of empirically based intervention programs designed to treat childhood-onset depression.