Corporate Bribery and Corruption: Efficacious regulation or blissful ignorance?

最近的事件提醒世界，当企业选择以疏忽和/或腐败的方式开展业务时，它们可能造成的危害。此类行为正日益引起全球各国政府以及倡导团体、慈善机构和非政府组织的关注。信息、贿赂和腐败是一个大问题。以前被认为可怕，但完全合法的行为，现在正受到密切关注。预防腐败日益盛行，在这样做的过程中，这项工作将成为企业的显微镜。英国透明国际指出，这是一个研究不足且持续存在企业贪婪风险的领域，本文将着眼于如何最好地控制企业不当行为。企业监管和/或控制引发了无数辩论。从20世纪80年代的S审计爆炸(权力)到响应性监管(Ayres和Braithwaite)的兴起，这些机制都与如何或应该最好地监管企业不当行为这一问题有关。这种紧张关系表明，有必要平衡各种观点，超越理论应用，进入实际执行。《2010年反贿赂法》的制定见证了立法前景的转变。由于它的资产被描述为“类固醇立法”，它是否成功地辜负了自己的声誉？本论文将评估2010年S.7贿赂法案适当的程序公司辩护，并说明简单的声明是如何不够的。适当的程序，其多方面的形式，需要变得不仅仅是适当。从告密者保护，到实际有针对性的战略。由于作家们将公司描述为具有阿米巴性质的公司，本文作者正是基于这一点，建议具有这种改变能力的公司；透明、诚实、正直和道德决心成为商业运营的前沿。伦敦反腐败峰会一年过去了，英国承诺的行动仍然悬而未决，早该采取。这包括制定反腐败战略。根据这一主题，这项研究将通过以下方式对商业部门作出贡献：1)发展仅仅倡导道德自治的现有文化，介绍有助于实现变革承诺的程序和做法。2)探索如何转化最佳的企业文化。通过认识到需要采取主动而不是被动的态度，可以从预防胜过治疗的立场来推动遵守。3)最终就如何通过增加透明度和与高级人员直接相关的有针对性的政策来解决企业腐败问题提出结论和建议。4)重新评估在公司触犯刑法时如何对其进行最佳惩罚的概念。尽管有一些民事补救办法可供选择，但我们需要质疑，我们如何才能确保经济利益不会凌驾于可由法院审理的利益之上。

Recent events have reminded the world of the harm corporations can do when they choose to conduct operations in a negligent and/or corrupt manner. Such behaviour is increasingly attracting the attention of governments across the globe; as well as advocacy groups, charities and non-governmental organisations. The message, bribery and corruption is a big problem. Actions which were formally considered to be awful, but entirely lawful, are now under close scrutiny. The prevention of corruption has an increasing prevalence, and in so doing this work will take a microscope to corporations. An arena noted by Transparency International UK to be under-researched and at continual risk of corporate greed, this thesis shall look at how best corporate wrongdoing can and should be controlled.Corporate regulation and/or control has given rise to numerous debates. From the 1980's Audit Explosion (Power) to the rise of Responsive Regulation (Ayres and Braithwaite), such mechanisms can all relate to the concern of how best corporate wrongdoing can or should be policed. Such tensions demonstrate that there is a need to balance the perspectives, moving beyond theoretical application, into practical implementation. The creation of the Bribery Act 2010 has seen a shift in legislative outlook. With it's assets being described as "legislation on steroids", has it succeeded in living up to its reputation? This thesis will evaluate the s.7 Bribery Act 2010 adequate procedures corporate defence and illustrate how simple statements of proclamations are insufficient. Adequate procedures, in its multifaceted form, are in need of becoming more than just adequate. From whistle-blower protections, to practically aimed strategies. With writers describing corporations as having amoebic qualities, it is with that in mind that this author recommends that with such an ability to change; transparency, honesty, integrity and ethical determination becomes the forefront of commercial operation. One year on from the London Anti-Corruption Summit, actions promised by the UK remain pending and overdue. This includes the development of an anti-corruption strategy. In accordance with this theme, the research will make a contribution to the commercial sector by:1) Developing the existing culture of merely advocating ethical self-governance, by introducing processes and practices to assist in the commitment to change. 2) Exploring how best corporate culture can be transformed. By recognising the need to be proactive rather than reactive, compliance can be driven from the position of prevention being better than cure. 3) Ultimately offering conclusions and recommendations as to how corporate corruption can be tackled through an increase in transparency and targeted policies which are directly associated to senior personnel. 4) Re-evaluating the concept of how best to punish corporations when they fall foul of criminal law. Despite a selection of civil remedies, we need to question how we can ensure that economical interest do not go before that which is justiciable.