Corporate Bribery and Corruption: Efficacious regulation or blissful ignorance?

最近发生的事件提醒全世界，公司选择以疏忽和/或腐败的方式开展业务时可能造成的危害。这种行为越来越引起地球仪各国政府以及倡导团体、慈善机构和非政府组织的关注。信息，贿赂和腐败是一个大问题。这些行动在形式上被认为是可怕的，但完全合法，现在正受到密切关注。预防腐败的工作越来越普遍，在这样做的过程中，这项工作将对公司进行显微镜检查。一个竞技场指出，由英国透明国际是研究不足，并在持续的风险，企业的贪婪，本文将着眼于如何最好的公司不法行为可以和应该控制。从20世纪80年代的审计爆炸（权力）到响应式监管（Ayres和Braithwaite）的兴起，这些机制都与如何最好地监管公司不法行为有关。这种紧张关系表明，有必要平衡各种观点，从理论应用转向实际执行。2010年《反贿赂法》的制定使立法前景发生了转变。随着它的资产被描述为“类固醇立法”，它是否成功地辜负了它的声誉？本文将评估2010年《反贿赂法》第7条的适当程序，并说明简单的公告声明是不够的。适当的程序，以其多方面的形式，需要变得不仅仅是适当的。从举报人保护到实际针对性战略。作者将公司描述为具有变形虫的特质，正是考虑到这一点，作者建议，有了这种改变的能力;透明度，诚实，正直和道德决心成为商业运作的最前沿。伦敦反腐败峰会一年过去了，联合王国承诺的行动仍然悬而未决。这包括制定一项反腐败战略。根据这一主题，研究将通过以下方式为商业部门做出贡献：1）通过引入有助于承诺变革的流程和实践，发展现有的仅倡导道德自我管理的文化。2)探索如何最好地转变企业文化。通过认识到需要采取主动而不是被动的态度，可以从预防胜于治疗的角度推动遵守。3)最后就如何通过提高透明度和直接针对高级人员的政策来解决公司腐败问题提出结论和建议。4)重新评估当公司触犯刑法时如何最好地惩罚公司的概念。尽管有一些民事补救办法，但我们需要质疑的是，我们如何才能确保经济利益不先于可审理的利益。

Recent events have reminded the world of the harm corporations can do when they choose to conduct operations in a negligent and/or corrupt manner. Such behaviour is increasingly attracting the attention of governments across the globe; as well as advocacy groups, charities and non-governmental organisations. The message, bribery and corruption is a big problem. Actions which were formally considered to be awful, but entirely lawful, are now under close scrutiny. The prevention of corruption has an increasing prevalence, and in so doing this work will take a microscope to corporations. An arena noted by Transparency International UK to be under-researched and at continual risk of corporate greed, this thesis shall look at how best corporate wrongdoing can and should be controlled.Corporate regulation and/or control has given rise to numerous debates. From the 1980's Audit Explosion (Power) to the rise of Responsive Regulation (Ayres and Braithwaite), such mechanisms can all relate to the concern of how best corporate wrongdoing can or should be policed. Such tensions demonstrate that there is a need to balance the perspectives, moving beyond theoretical application, into practical implementation. The creation of the Bribery Act 2010 has seen a shift in legislative outlook. With it's assets being described as "legislation on steroids", has it succeeded in living up to its reputation? This thesis will evaluate the s.7 Bribery Act 2010 adequate procedures corporate defence and illustrate how simple statements of proclamations are insufficient. Adequate procedures, in its multifaceted form, are in need of becoming more than just adequate. From whistle-blower protections, to practically aimed strategies. With writers describing corporations as having amoebic qualities, it is with that in mind that this author recommends that with such an ability to change; transparency, honesty, integrity and ethical determination becomes the forefront of commercial operation. One year on from the London Anti-Corruption Summit, actions promised by the UK remain pending and overdue. This includes the development of an anti-corruption strategy. In accordance with this theme, the research will make a contribution to the commercial sector by:1) Developing the existing culture of merely advocating ethical self-governance, by introducing processes and practices to assist in the commitment to change. 2) Exploring how best corporate culture can be transformed. By recognising the need to be proactive rather than reactive, compliance can be driven from the position of prevention being better than cure. 3) Ultimately offering conclusions and recommendations as to how corporate corruption can be tackled through an increase in transparency and targeted policies which are directly associated to senior personnel. 4) Re-evaluating the concept of how best to punish corporations when they fall foul of criminal law. Despite a selection of civil remedies, we need to question how we can ensure that economical interest do not go before that which is justiciable.