EXCITOTOXIC & NEURONAL DYSFUNCTION IN BRAIN INJURY

这项研究的长期目标是建造一座更好的桥梁 在组织、细胞和分子水平上分析 青蛙胚胎。这项提案的具体目标是探讨 早期胚胎分子表达结构域的性质。这个 PMRI跟踪组织运动和细胞谱系的能力 不透明样品中随时间变化的尺寸将与 用传统的分子生物学技术，来绘制谱系 这对基因表达域以及 曾经在域中的细胞。具体的假设 要测试的是基因表达结构域由以下部分组成 动态的细胞群体，需要细胞表达标记 基因，当它们进入给定域时，并在它们离开 域。为此，我们将：(1)确定正常血统 对青蛙神经系统有贡献的细胞。中轴线 中胚层和近轴向中胚层：(2)决定关系 在基因的早期谱系和差异模式之间 表达：(3)确定细胞谱系和细胞的变化 受扰胚胎中的运动 1.目标导向成像：(A)提供全面的 发育中的大脑的三维活体图像 不同物种(鹌鹑、小鼠和猴子)的磁共振研究 (B)使用功能磁共振成像技术来检查视觉 猫头猴的视野图随损伤程度的增加而变化 幼年动物大脑中的髓鞘形成。 2.分析：(A)从多个不同层面分析图像 从简单的注释到关联发生和发展 不同结构在空间、时间和时间上的组织 比较和对比鸟类、啮齿动物和哺乳动物的系统。(B)网眼 同一动物的光学和核磁共振数据。 3.传播：(A)制作用于渲染的图像和工具 以一种方便的格式向科学界提供分析。 例如3D数据的2D切片的照片。带注解的CD-ROM 使用现成的软件查看2D和3D图像 内部开发的软件。和可通过以下方式访问的在线数据库 在万维网上，原始数据和经过处理的数据将 可能是可用的。

The long-term goal of this research is to build a better bridge between the tissue, cellular, and molecular levels of analysis of the frog embryo. The specific goal of this proposal is to probe the nature of molecular expression domains in the early embryo. The ability of pMRI to follow tissue movements and cell lineages in three dimensions over time in opaque specimens will be used, in conjunction with conventional molecular biology techniques, to map the lineages that contribute to a gene expression domain as well as the fates of the cells that were once within the domain. The specific hypothesis to be tested is that the gene expression domains are made up of dynamic populations of cells, requiring that cells express the marker gene as they enter a given domain, and extinguish it as they exit the domain. Towards this end, we will: (1) determine the normal lineages of cells that contribute to the frog nervous system. the axial mesoderm and the paraxial mesoderm: (2) determine the rel ationship between the early lineages and differential patterns of gene expression: (3) determine the changes in cell lineages and cell movements in perturbed embryos 1. Goal Directed Imaging: (a) provide comprehensive three-dimensional in vivo images of the developing brain in three different species (quail, mouse, and monkey) using Magnetic Resonance (MR) micro-imaging, (b) use fMRI techniques to examine how the visual field map of the owl monkey changes with increasing degree of myelination in brain of the young animal. 2. Analysis: (a) analyze the images at a number of different levels ranging from simple annotation to correlating the onset and developing organization of different structures in both space & time and to compare & contrast the avian, rodent, and mammalian systems. (b) mesh optical and MRI data of the same animal. 3. Dissemination: (a) make the images and tools for rendering & analysis available to the scientific community in a convenient format. e.g., photographs of 2D slices of the 3D data. CD-ROMs with annotated 2D and 3D images to be viewed using readily available software and software developed in-house. and an on-line database accessible via the World Wide Web where raw' as well as 'processed' data will potentially be available.