Spect Brain Imaging In Neuropsychiatric Disorders

神经精神疾病的 Spect 脑成像

• 批准号: 6541811
• 负责人: Karen FAITH Berman
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6541811
• 关键词: Parkinson's disease; Primates; Tourette's syndrome; brain circulation; brain disorders; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; clinical research; dopamine; dopamine antagonists; human subject; muscarinic receptor; neurochemistry; neuropharmacology; radiotracer; receptor expression; schizophrenia; single photon emission computed tomography

Single photon emission computed tomography, SPECT, allows for the measurement of the 3-D distribution of radioactive tracers in brain. Tracers in use fall into two main classes. In the first class, the tracer is taken up in brain in proportion to blood flow and thus can be utilized as a marker of neural activity. The second class of tracers binds to neurotransmitter receptors in brain such that the activity then reflects the distribution of the related neurochemistry. While previous work with cerebral blood flow agents was largely successful, other more sensitive means now exist for CBF measurements. Therefore, SPECT imaging has become our procedure of choice for in vivo neurochemistry. In clinical populations, we have performed studies with three radioligands. These include the dopamine D2 antagonist IBZM, the dopamine and serotonin transporter antagonist beta-CIT, and the muscarinic antagonist QNB. We have used these radioligands to examine clinical correlates of neurochemical function in drug- free schizophrenic patients, and to further elucidate the mechanism of action of neuroleptic drugs. We have also completed studies of dopaminergic and serotonergic function in patients with Tourette's syndrome and alcohol dependence. In non-human primate studies with these ligands we have tested neurochemical function in models of human neuropsychiatric illness. We have also conducted non-human primate studies to develop new radioligands. These include TISCH, a dopamine D1 receptor antagonist, and DOI, a serotonin 5HT2 agonist.

单光子发射计算机断层扫描 (SPECT) 可以测量大脑中放射性示踪剂的 3D 分布。使用的示踪剂分为两大类。在第一类中，示踪剂按照血流量的比例被大脑吸收，因此可以用作神经活动的标记。第二类示踪剂与大脑中的神经递质受体结合，从而使活动反映相关神经化学的分布。虽然之前使用脑血流剂的工作取得了很大成功，但现在存在其他更灵敏的 CBF 测量方法。因此，SPECT 成像已成为我们体内神经化学的首选程序。在临床人群中，我们使用三种放射性配体进行了研究。这些包括多巴胺 D2 拮抗剂 IBZM、多巴胺和血清素转运蛋白拮抗剂 β-CIT 以及毒蕈碱拮抗剂 QNB。我们使用这些放射性配体来检查无药物精神分裂症患者神经化学功能的临床相关性，并进一步阐明精神安定药物的作用机制。我们还完成了抽动秽语综合征和酒精依赖患者的多巴胺能和血清素能功能的研究。在使用这些配体的非人类灵长类动物研究中，我们测试了人类神经精神疾病模型中的神经化学功能。我们还进行了非人类灵长类动物研究以开发新的放射性配体。其中包括 TISCH（一种多巴胺 D1 受体拮抗剂）和 DOI（一种 5-羟色胺 5HT2 激动剂）。