United Nations Policy Discourse and Implementation: Addressing Sexual Exploitation in Peace Operations

联合国政策讨论和实施：解决和平行动中的性剥削问题

• 批准号: 1948667
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1948667
• 关键词: United; Nations; Policy; Discourse; Implementation

The institutional actors involved in United Nations (UN) peace operations aim to move a conflict-torn country to an environment of lasting peace. In their capacity, they primarily perform a security role, but their arrival is also associated with gendered sexually exploitative conditions which negatively impact the local civilian population and which have far reaching consequences. Since the increased research and political attention towards Women, Peace and Security (WPS) after the adoption of Security Council (SC) Resolution 1325(2000), sexual exploitation in peace operations has not been reduced, suggesting that policies remain in the politic and are not being implemented on the ground. Despite the emerging research and political attention given to the WPS agenda, sexual exploitation in United Nations Peace Operations has not been reduced, suggesting that policies remain in the area of the politic and are not being implemented on the ground. Additionally, the policy making process itself may have implications for a policy's interpretation and implementation. This project asks how institutions interpret the Women Peace and Security (WPS) Agenda in policy development and implementation as it relates to addressing sexual exploitation and abuse in United Nations Peace Operations. This question is significant as a part of the wider puzzle of the legitimacy of peacekeeping operations as well as the ability of the WPS agenda to achieve its purpose. The 'bad press' and the short, medium and long-term consequences of this type of abuse undermine the legitimacy of both WPS and Peacekeeping operations. The research hopes to advance theoretical knowledge relating to gender and policy making, especially in the UNSC, and policy implementation. Several post-structuralist scholars recommend the type of research which addresses many of the key contexts that I intend to study (Huysmans 2006; Moulin and Nyers 2007; Ardau 2008, 98-117 cited in Coleman and Rosenow 2016:2). This study has a political rationale of feminism and an epistemological rationale in post-structuralism and interpretivism relative to the WPS agenda in theory, policy and institutional practice. This research will use a multidisciplinary approach including post-structuralist feminist theory, critical security studies (CSS) and relevant pedagogic theory. The project will include qualitative research, in the form of: discourse analysis, semi-structured interviews, participant observation and focus groups (simulations). The participants should come from a Western country, as the preconception that they will be the 'most well-informed/trained' offers the project an ability to look at what is seen as the highest standard of training. If these groups are 'the best' and policies still are not achieving their goals, then there is a more relevant starting point to address theoretical and operational issues. This choice of participants can also provide an opportunity to apply Weber's (2016) concepts on the unstable logics of sexuality and the will to knowledge in international politics. Discourse analysis will be conducted on key policy and practice documents which are intended to reinforce and implement the WPS Agenda politically and practically. This analysis could also produce rich results in examining the discursive articulations expressed in the interviews and focus groups. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with troops who have been "trained" in the policy. Participant observation of Gender training can offer an opportunity to explore the pedagogical techniques employed in "implementing" gender policies in peace operations. Focus groups (Simulations) will be conducted with those who have been "trained" in the policy, providing an to see how participants "do" the policies.

参与联合国和平行动的机构行为者旨在使一个饱受冲突蹂躏的国家进入持久和平的环境。他们的职责主要是履行安全职责，但他们的到来也与基于性别的性剥削状况有关，这对当地平民产生了负面影响，并产生了深远的后果。安全理事会第1325（2000）号决议通过后，对妇女、和平与安全的研究和政治关注有所增加，但和平行动中的性剥削现象并未减少，这表明政策仍停留在政治层面，没有在实地得到执行。尽管对妇女地位委员会的议程进行了新的研究和政治关注，但联合国和平行动中的性剥削问题并未减少，这表明政策仍然停留在政治领域，没有在实地得到执行。此外，政策制定过程本身可能对政策的解释和执行产生影响。该项目询问各机构如何在政策制定和执行中解释《妇女和平与安全议程》，因为它涉及联合国和平行动中的性剥削和性虐待问题。这一问题是维持和平行动合法性以及和平与安全委员会议程实现其宗旨的能力这一更广泛难题的一部分，具有重要意义。“负面新闻”和这种滥用行为的短期、中期和长期后果破坏了妇女地位委员会和维持和平行动的合法性。该研究希望推进有关性别和政策制定的理论知识，特别是在联合国安理会和政策执行。几位后结构主义学者推荐了一种研究类型，这种研究涉及我打算研究的许多关键背景（Huysmans 2006; Moulin and Nyers 2007; Ardau 2008，98-117，引自科尔曼and Rosenow 2016：2）。本研究在理论、政策和制度实践上具有女权主义的政治理论基础以及与妇女地位委员会议程相关的后结构主义和解释主义的认识论理论基础。本研究将采用多学科的方法，包括后结构主义女性主义理论，批判安全研究（CSS）和相关的教育学理论。该项目将包括定性研究，其形式包括：话语分析、半结构化访谈、参与者观察和焦点小组（模拟）。参与者应该来自西方国家，因为他们将是“最知情/受过最好的培训”的先入为主的观念，使项目能够看到被视为最高标准的培训。如果这些群体是“最好的”，而政策仍然没有实现其目标，那么就有一个更相关的起点来解决理论和操作问题。这种参与者的选择也可以提供一个机会，应用韦伯（2016）关于性的不稳定逻辑和国际政治知识意愿的概念。将对旨在从政治上和实际上加强和执行妇女地位委员会议程的关键政策和实践文件进行讨论分析。这种分析也可以产生丰富的结果，在检查话语表达的采访和焦点小组。将与接受过该政策“培训”的部队进行半结构化访谈。参与者对性别问题培训的观察可以提供一个机会，探讨在和平行动中“执行”性别政策所采用的教学方法。焦点小组（模拟）将与那些在政策方面受过“培训”的人一起进行，以了解参与者如何“执行”政策。