INTERVENTION AMONG HEROIN SNIFFERS--PREVENT IV DRUG USE

对海洛因吸毒者的干预——防止静脉注射毒品

• 批准号: 6515569
• 负责人: DALE D CHITWOOD
• 金额: $ 79.36万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI CORAL GABLES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-09-30 至 2005-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6515569
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; HIV infections; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; drug abuse prevention; gender difference; heroin; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human immunodeficiency virus 1; human subject; inhalation drug abuse; intravenous drug abuse; longitudinal human study; mental health epidemiology; racial /ethnic difference; sex behavior; substance abuse related behavior

This competing continuation requests 5 years of funding to continue our efforts to reduce the transmission of HIV among non- injection drug users at high risk for transition to injection. This application takes the innovative approach of extending intervention research to include the primary prevention of injection among heroin sniffers who have never injected drugs. A prospective experimental design with a nested ethnography is proposed. A tri-ethnic sample of 750 men and women who sniff heroin will be enrolled and randomized to two experimental interventions and one comparison group and followed at 6, 12, and 18 months to evaluate the effectiveness and sustainability of two interventions to reduce high risk sex behaviors, prevent the transition to injection and increase enrollment in drug treatment. We propose an efficient design which permits us to simultaneously implement and evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions and prospectively study the transition to injection. There are three specific aims: 1) Implement, evaluate and compare the effectiveness and sustainability of two brief HIV risk interventions among heroin sniffers. A controlled randomized experimental design will compare two distinct interventions, a Risk Prevention Intervention and a Stage-Enhanced Motivational Interviewing Intervention with a"usual pre-and post-test counseling" group. 2) Characterize and model risk factors for the transition from heroin sniffing to injection. A prospective epidemiologic design with a nested ethnography will estimate incidence of injection, model risk factors for initiation of injection, and characterize the process of transition to injection/early injection experiences of heroin sniffers who shift to injection. 3) Estimate the prevalence and incidence of HIV-1 among heroin sniffers. Standard epidemiologic techniques will be employed. Gender specific and ethnic specific estimates will be conducted.

这一竞争性的延续需要 5 年的资金来继续我们的努力，以减少高风险转向注射的非注射吸毒者中艾滋病毒的传播。该应用采用了扩展干预研究的创新方法，将从未注射过毒品的海洛因吸毒者的注射一级预防纳入其中。 提出了一种具有嵌套民族志的前瞻性实验设计。 将招募 750 名吸食海洛因的男性和女性的三种族样本，并将其随机分配到两项实验干预措施和一个对照组，并在 6、12 和 18 个月时进行随访，以评估两种干预措施的有效性和可持续性，以减少高危性行为、防止向注射过渡并增加戒毒治疗的参与人数。 我们提出了一种有效的设计，使我们能够同时实施和评估干预措施的有效性，并前瞻性地研究向注射的过渡。有三个具体目标： 1) 在海洛因吸毒者中实施、评估和比较两项简短的艾滋病毒风险干预措施的有效性和可持续性。 受控随机实验设计将两种不同的干预措施（风险预防干预措施和阶段增强动机访谈干预措施）与“通常的测试前和测试后咨询”组进行比较。 2) 对从吸食海洛因到注射海洛因过渡的风险因素进行表征和建模。 采用嵌套人种学的前瞻性流行病学设计将估计注射发生率、开始注射的模型风险因素，并描述转向注射的海洛因吸毒者/早期注射经历的转变过程。 3) 估计海洛因吸毒者中 HIV-1 的流行率和发病率。 将采用标准流行病学技术。将进行特定性别和特定种族的估计。