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Verification of Quantum Computations and Quantum Supremacy

量子计算和量子霸权的验证

基本信息

批准号：
1953497
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Warwick
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1953497
关键词：
Verification Quantum Computations Supremacy

项目摘要

Quantum computers hold the promise to decidedly increase our computing capacity, providing a huge speed-up in the solution of a certain class of problems which are believed to be intractable by classical devices. An example of that is represented by the simulation of microscopic systems,which is one of the central problems in modern science and has a wide range of applications - from drug design to nuclear physics to quantumchemistry and biology. For instance, while there is no known classical algorithm able to efficiently simulate microscopic systems, it is widelybelieved that "quantum simulators" will someday be able to simulate interesting microscopic systems. Since many experimental challenges stillmake the road to a universal quantum computer a hard one, intermediate non-universal machines are nowadays regarded with great interest andmight possibly be built in the following decades. However, a fundamental question concerning their "certification" arises: how can a classicalobserver certify the correctness of the outcome of a quantum simulator? How can he get confidence about the correct functioning of the machine,if the outcome he obtains has never been obtained by means of a classical device?My PhD project is focused on the study and the development of protocols for the certification of quantum simulators. In particular, I will initiallytry to optimise already existing protocols whose objective is to give an answer to the questions addressed above, while I will subsequently try toadapt them to apply in realistic settings, e.g. in an actual experiment with the presence of noise.

量子计算机有望明显提高我们的计算能力，在解决经典设备难以解决的某类问题时提供巨大的加速。微观系统的模拟就是一个例子，它是现代科学的核心问题之一，有着广泛的应用——从药物设计到核物理到量子化学和生物学。例如，虽然没有已知的经典算法能够有效地模拟微观系统，但人们普遍认为，“量子模拟器”有朝一日能够模拟有趣的微观系统。由于许多实验挑战仍然使通往通用量子计算机的道路变得艰难，中间非通用机器现在受到极大的关注，并可能在未来几十年内建成。然而，一个关于他们的“证明”的基本问题出现了：经典观察者如何证明量子模拟器结果的正确性？如果他得到的结果从来没有通过经典装置得到过，他怎么能对机器的正确功能有信心呢？我的博士项目主要是研究和开发量子模拟器认证协议。特别是，我将首先尝试优化已经存在的协议，其目标是给出上述问题的答案，而我随后将尝试调整它们以应用于现实环境，例如在存在噪声的实际实验中。