X-ray spectroscopy of extreme states of matter created by petawatt-laser-driven nanostructured arrays

由拍瓦激光驱动的纳米结构阵列产生的物质极端状态的 X 射线光谱

• 批准号: 1964304
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1964304
• 关键词: ray; spectroscopy; extreme; states; matter

The direct coupling of energy from an optical laser to a near-solid-density plasma is limited due tonegligible penetration depths of light beyond the critical density of a material, making it difficult tocreate homogeneous, dense, high-energy-density systems. However, by tailoring the surfaceproperties of materials at the nanoscale - in particular by producing nano-structured targetscomposed of oriented, anisotropic nano-wires - novel samples can be developed with substantiallydifferent optical properties. Such nano-wires have recently been shown capable of stronglyenhancing the coupling of matter with optical light, yielding absorptions exceeding 95%, and largepenetration depths in metallic samples.This project will focus on investigating the interaction of light with such nano-structured targets, andwill study their behaviour when interacting with large-scale PW laser systems. These systemsshow promise as a new way to access matter in conditions relevant to astrophysical and inertialconfinement fusion research, but also show potential as a novel source of bright laser-driven X-rayand particle beams. A range of experimental diagnostics including X-ray emission spectroscopy willbe employed, and coupled with computational tools based on non-LTE atomic kinetics simulations.This project is part-funded by OxCHEDS and is run in close collaboration with AWE. This projectfalls within the EPSRC research areas of Plasma and lasers, and Light matter interaction andoptical phenomena.

由于光的穿透深度超出材料的临界密度，能量从光学激光器到近固体密度等离子体的直接耦合受到限制，因此很难创建均匀、致密、高能量密度的系统。然而，通过在纳米尺度上调整材料的表面特性，特别是通过生产由定向的各向异性纳米线组成的纳米结构靶材，可以开发出具有显着不同光学特性的新型样品。这种纳米线最近被证明能够强烈增强物质与可见光的耦合，在金属样品中产生超过 95% 的吸收率和大的穿透深度。该项目将重点研究光与此类纳米结构目标的相互作用，并将研究它们在与大规模 PW 激光系统相互作用时的行为。这些系统有望成为在天体物理和惯性约束聚变研究相关条件下获取物质的新方法，同时也显示出作为明亮激光驱动 X 射线和粒子束的新型来源的潜力。将采用包括 X 射线发射光谱在内的一系列实验诊断方法，并结合基于非 LTE 原子动力学模拟的计算工具。该项目由 OxCHEDS 提供部分资助，并与 AWE 密切合作运行。该项目属于 EPSRC 等离子体和激光、光物质相互作用和光学现象的研究领域。