INJECTABLE SENSORS FOR CONTROL OF FES

描述（改编自研究者的摘要）：为了复活一个 瘫痪肢体要产生临床上有用的运动，必须具备三个功能 提供： 1) 电刺激器引起肌肉收缩； 2）A 控制器协调刺激； 3) 命令传感器和 从患者到控制器的反馈信号。调查人员已 最近完成了一种新型刺激的开发和临床前测试 允许大量个体肌肉精确运动的技术 由接收电力和数据的可注射无线微刺激器控制 通过外部控制器的射频传输。他们提议延长这一期限 通过在类似的环境中整合和测试各种类型的传感器来技术 可注入模块。这些将使用一种新颖的、兼容的射频系统 反向遥测从肢体发送信号以获取命令和反馈 目的。他们的直接目标是一系列通用的“BION”（仿生 神经元）-可以灵活配置以服务于广泛的功能 电刺激 (FES) 应用。调查人员选择了 以下基本传感方式：1）低水平生物电信号记录 例如肌电图，监测电募集水平 （M波）和来自肌肉的自发活动以及一些剩余的自愿 控制（可用作假肢的肌电命令）；2）三角测量 设备之间的相对位置，用于确定肢体姿势 加速度和倾斜度（与重力），使用微机电硅 （MEMS）传感器技术。该研究将分阶段进行， 第一个项目已经在试点工作中进行：1) 设计、构建和测试 低电平、低功耗信号检测、数字化的基本电路功能 和遥测传输； 2) 设计、构建和测试专用MEMS 传感器； 3) 构建具有传感和反向遥测功能的完整可注射 BION 能力； 4) 对传感器 BION 进行临床前测试 生物相容性； 5) 体外测试传感和遥测功能 人工生成的输入； 6) 测试传感和遥测功能 警觉、行为敏捷的动物。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the Investigator's abstract): In order to reanimate a paralyzed limb to produce clinically useful movements, three functions must be provided: 1) Electrical stimulators to cause muscles to contract; 2) A controller to coordinate the stimulation; and 3) Sensors of command and feedback signals from the patient to the controller. The investigators have recently completed development and preclinical testing of a novel stimulation technology that permits large numbers of individual muscles to be precisely controlled by injectable, wireless microstimulators that receive power and data by RF transmission from an external controller. They propose to extend that technology by incorporating and testing various types of sensors in similar injectable modules. These will use a novel, compatible system for RF back-telemetry to send signals out of the limb for command and feedback purposes. Their immediate goal is a family of generic "BIONs" (bionic neurons)-that can be configured flexibly to serve a wide range of Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) applications. The investigators have selected the following basic sensing modalities: 1) Low-level bioelectric signal recording such as electromyography, to monitor (the) level of electrical recruitment (M-waves) and spontaneous activity from muscles with some remaining voluntary control (useful as myoelectric commands for prostheses);and 2) Triangulation of relative position between devices, to be used for determining limb posture Acceleration and inclination (vs. gravity), using microelectromachined silicon (MEMS) sensor technology. The research will proceed in overlapping stages, the first of which is already underway in pilot work: 1) Design, build and test the basic circuit functions for low-level, low-power signal detection, digitization and telemetric transmission; 2) Design, build and test specialized MEMS sensors; 3) Build complete injectable BIONs with sensing and back-telemetry capabilities; 4) Perform preclinical tests of sensor BIONs for biocompatibility; 5) Test sensing and telemetry functions in vitro with artificially-generated inputs; and 6) Test sensing and telemetry functions in alert, behaving animals.