INJECTABLE SENSORS FOR CONTROL OF FES

描述(改编自调查者的摘要)：为了让一个 瘫痪肢体要产生临床上有用的动作，必须具备三项功能 提供：1)使肌肉收缩的电刺激器；2)A 协调刺激的控制器；3)命令和控制传感器 从患者到控制器的反馈信号。调查人员已经 最近完成了一种新刺激的开发和临床前测试 这项技术允许大量的个体肌肉精确地 由可注射的无线微刺激器控制，接收电力和数据 通过来自外部控制器的射频传输。他们提议延长这一期限 通过将各种类型的传感器整合到类似的 可注入模块。这些将使用一种新颖的、兼容的射频系统 背部遥测，将信号从肢体发送出去，以进行命令和反馈 目的。他们的近期目标是开发出一系列通用的“仿生生物网络”(Bion 神经元)-可以灵活配置，以服务于各种功能 电刺激(FES)应用。调查人员已经选择了 以下是基本的传感模式：1)低水平生物电信号记录 例如肌电图仪，以监测电招募的水平 (M波)和来自肌肉的自发活动，还有一些是自愿的 控制(用作假肢的肌电命令)；以及2)三角剖分 设备之间的相对位置，用于确定肢体姿势 加速度和倾斜度(与重力相比)，使用微机械加工的硅 (MEMS)传感器技术。这项研究将分阶段进行， 第一个已经在试点工作中：1)设计、建造和测试 用于低电平、低功率信号检测、数字化的基本电路功能 和遥测传输；2)设计、制造和测试专门的MEMS 传感器；3)利用传感和反向遥测构建完整的可注入生物光网络 功能；4)执行传感器BION的临床前测试 生物兼容性；5)体外测试传感和遥测功能 人工生成的输入；以及6)测试传感和遥测功能 警觉的，有行为的动物。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the Investigator's abstract): In order to reanimate a paralyzed limb to produce clinically useful movements, three functions must be provided: 1) Electrical stimulators to cause muscles to contract; 2) A controller to coordinate the stimulation; and 3) Sensors of command and feedback signals from the patient to the controller. The investigators have recently completed development and preclinical testing of a novel stimulation technology that permits large numbers of individual muscles to be precisely controlled by injectable, wireless microstimulators that receive power and data by RF transmission from an external controller. They propose to extend that technology by incorporating and testing various types of sensors in similar injectable modules. These will use a novel, compatible system for RF back-telemetry to send signals out of the limb for command and feedback purposes. Their immediate goal is a family of generic "BIONs" (bionic neurons)-that can be configured flexibly to serve a wide range of Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) applications. The investigators have selected the following basic sensing modalities: 1) Low-level bioelectric signal recording such as electromyography, to monitor (the) level of electrical recruitment (M-waves) and spontaneous activity from muscles with some remaining voluntary control (useful as myoelectric commands for prostheses);and 2) Triangulation of relative position between devices, to be used for determining limb posture Acceleration and inclination (vs. gravity), using microelectromachined silicon (MEMS) sensor technology. The research will proceed in overlapping stages, the first of which is already underway in pilot work: 1) Design, build and test the basic circuit functions for low-level, low-power signal detection, digitization and telemetric transmission; 2) Design, build and test specialized MEMS sensors; 3) Build complete injectable BIONs with sensing and back-telemetry capabilities; 4) Perform preclinical tests of sensor BIONs for biocompatibility; 5) Test sensing and telemetry functions in vitro with artificially-generated inputs; and 6) Test sensing and telemetry functions in alert, behaving animals.