Olfactory Function in Schizophrenia: A Lifespan Analysis

精神分裂症的嗅觉功能：寿命分析

• 批准号: 6434977
• 负责人: PAUL J MOBERG
• 金额: $ 27.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-12-07 至 2006-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6434977
• 关键词: age difference; antipsychotic agents; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; clinical trials; drug screening /evaluation; family genetics; human subject; human therapy evaluation; longitudinal human study; memory; mental disorder chemotherapy; neural degeneration; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; odors; olfactions; olfactory threshold; outcomes research; performance; psychopharmacology; psychophysics; schizophrenia; sensory thresholds; sex differentiation

DESCRIPTION: (provided by applicant) There is growing evidence to suggest that schizophrenia is a neurobehavioral disorder that affects fronto-temporal areas of the brain. A relatively neglected, but in many ways ideal, probe of the fronto-limbic system is olfaction. Olfactory processing is mediated by limbic structures implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia have significant olfactory deficits, which occur at the first onset of illness. Unlike the relatively static pattern of cognitive deficits seen over the course of illness, though, olfactory abilities appear to decline in a linear fashion, independent of normal aging and gender effects. Family studies, however, have also demonstrated significant deficits in olfactory identification in unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenic probands. It would seem, therefore, that olfactory brain regions are affected by genetically-mediated developmental, as well as neurodegenerative processes. Unfortunately, little is known about the developmental course, scope and laterality of olfactory processing deficits in schizophrenia, how these deficits interact, and the manner in which they are moderated by age and gender. In this project, we will investigate the psychophysical correlates of olfactory dysfunction and decline, cross-sectionally, in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. A reliable and well-validated psychophysical battery assessing the domains of odor identification, detection threshold sensitivity, memory and intensity/hedonics will be given so differential deficits/decline can be detected. All olfactory measures will be administered unilaterally so laterality effects can be detailed. Neuropsychological and emotional measures will be obtained to investigate interactions with olfactory functions as well as assess whether any decline over the lifespan is specific to olfaction. These measures will be investigated in men and women with schizophrenia (n=96) and healthy controls (n=96) age 18-57, with a sufficient number of individuals in each decade band to yield a cross-sectional estimate of developmental trajectory. In order to assess whether any declines in olfactory function are due to antipsychotic use, cumulative antipsychotic burden will be assessed across decade bands and acute effects will be assessed in a subsample of 48 neuroleptic-naive and previously-medicated patients in a pre- post-medication design using a standard medication.

描述：（由申请人提供）越来越多的证据表明精神分裂症是一种影响额颞区的神经行为障碍 大脑的。一个相对被忽视但在许多方面都是理想的探索 额边缘系统是嗅觉系统。嗅觉处理是由边缘系统介导的 与精神分裂症病理生理学有关的结构。患者患有 精神分裂症患者有明显的嗅觉缺陷，这种情况在发病初期就出现了。 发病。与相对静态的认知缺陷模式不同 然而，在患病过程中，嗅觉能力似乎有所下降 以线性方式，独立于正常衰老和性别影响。家庭 然而，研究也表明嗅觉存在显着缺陷 对精神分裂症先证者未受影响的一级亲属进行鉴定。 因此，嗅觉脑区似乎受到以下因素的影响： 遗传介导的发育以及神经退行性过程。 不幸的是，人们对它的发展历程、范围和范围知之甚少。 精神分裂症嗅觉处理缺陷的偏侧性，这些如何 缺陷相互作用，以及它们通过年龄和年龄来调节的方式 性别。在这个项目中，我们将调查心理物理学的相关性 横断面观察，患者的嗅觉功能障碍和衰退 精神分裂症和健康对照。可靠且经过充分验证的 心理物理电池评估气味识别、检测领域 阈值灵敏度、记忆力和强度/快感将被给出 可以检测到差异性赤字/下降。所有嗅觉测量都将 单侧给药，因此可以详细说明偏侧效应。 将获得神经心理学和情绪测量来进行调查 与嗅觉功能的相互作用以及评估是否有任何下降 在整个生命周期中，嗅觉是特定的。这些措施将被调查 男性和女性精神分裂症患者 (n=96) 和健康对照者 (n=96) 年龄 18-57，每个十年带中有足够数量的个体来产生 发展轨迹的横截面估计。为了评估 嗅觉功能下降是否是由于抗精神病药物的使用造成的， 累积的抗精神病负担将在十年范围和急性期进行评估 将在 48 名未使用过抗精神病药的患者的子样本中评估效果 使用标准的治疗前设计中的先前接受过药物治疗的患者 药物。