Olfactory Function in Schizophrenia: A Lifespan Analysis

精神分裂症的嗅觉功能：寿命分析

• 批准号: 6986171
• 负责人: PAUL J MOBERG
• 金额: $ 23.22万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-12-07 至 2007-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6986171
• 关键词: age difference; antipsychotic agents; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; clinical trials; drug screening /evaluation; family genetics; human subject; human therapy evaluation; longitudinal human study; memory; mental disorder chemotherapy; neural degeneration; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; odors; olfactions; olfactory threshold; outcomes research; performance; psychopharmacology; psychophysics; schizophrenia; sensory thresholds; sex differentiation

DESCRIPTION: (provided by applicant) There is growing evidence to suggest that schizophrenia is a neurobehavioral disorder that affects fronto-temporal areas of the brain. A relatively neglected, but in many ways ideal, probe of the fronto-limbic system is olfaction. Olfactory processing is mediated by limbic structures implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia have significant olfactory deficits, which occur at the first onset of illness. Unlike the relatively static pattern of cognitive deficits seen over the course of illness, though, olfactory abilities appear to decline in a linear fashion, independent of normal aging and gender effects. Family studies, however, have also demonstrated significant deficits in olfactory identification in unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenic probands. It would seem, therefore, that olfactory brain regions are affected by genetically-mediated developmental, as well as neurodegenerative processes. Unfortunately, little is known about the developmental course, scope and laterality of olfactory processing deficits in schizophrenia, how these deficits interact, and the manner in which they are moderated by age and gender. In this project, we will investigate the psychophysical correlates of olfactory dysfunction and decline, cross-sectionally, in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. A reliable and well-validated psychophysical battery assessing the domains of odor identification, detection threshold sensitivity, memory and intensity/hedonics will be given so differential deficits/decline can be detected. All olfactory measures will be administered unilaterally so laterality effects can be detailed. Neuropsychological and emotional measures will be obtained to investigate interactions with olfactory functions as well as assess whether any decline over the lifespan is specific to olfaction. These measures will be investigated in men and women with schizophrenia (n=96) and healthy controls (n=96) age 18-57, with a sufficient number of individuals in each decade band to yield a cross-sectional estimate of developmental trajectory. In order to assess whether any declines in olfactory function are due to antipsychotic use, cumulative antipsychotic burden will be assessed across decade bands and acute effects will be assessed in a subsample of 48 neuroleptic-naive and previously-medicated patients in a pre- post-medication design using a standard medication.

描述：（由申请人提供）越来越多的证据表明， 精神分裂症是一种影响额颞区的神经行为障碍 大脑。一个相对被忽视的，但在许多方面是理想的，探索 额边缘系统是嗅觉嗅觉加工由边缘系统介导 精神分裂症病理生理学中的结构。患者 精神分裂症有明显的嗅觉缺陷，这发生在第一次 疾病的发作。与认知缺陷的相对静态模式不同， 然而，随着疾病的发展，嗅觉能力似乎会下降， 以线性方式，独立于正常的年龄和性别影响。家庭 然而，研究也表明，在嗅觉方面， 精神分裂症先证者未受影响的一级亲属的鉴定。 因此，似乎大脑的嗅觉区域受到 遗传介导的发育以及神经退行性过程。 不幸的是，对发展过程、范围和 精神分裂症患者嗅觉加工缺陷的偏侧化， 缺陷相互作用，以及它们受年龄和 性别.在这个项目中，我们将调查的心理物理相关性， 嗅觉功能障碍和下降，横截面，在患者 精神分裂症和健康对照。一个可靠和经过验证的 评估气味识别、检测和识别领域的心理物理成套测验 阈值敏感性，记忆力和强度/享乐主义将给予， 可以检测到不同的缺陷/下降。所有的嗅觉检测 单方面管理，因此可以详细说明侧化效应。 将获得神经心理学和情绪测量来调查 与嗅觉功能的相互作用，以及评估是否有任何下降 是嗅觉所特有的将对这些措施进行调查 在精神分裂症患者（n=96）和健康对照组（n=96）中，年龄 18-57，在每个十年带中有足够数量的个体， 发展轨迹的横截面估计。为了评估 嗅觉功能的任何下降是否是由于抗精神病药物的使用， 累积抗精神病药物负荷将在十年期内进行评估， 将在48名未经抗精神病药治疗的子样本中评估效果， 既往用药患者，采用标准 药