The physics and biology of proton beam therapy

越来越多的证据表明，质子，取决于它们的能量和细胞辐射相对于布拉格峰的位置，与x射线相比，会引起不同范围的DNA损伤。还有证据表明，与x射线诱导的DNA损伤相比，这种质子诱导的DNA损伤可导致另一种细胞DNA损伤反应，由不同的DNA损伤信号传导和修复途径介导。分子和细胞生物学研究和技术将与MC模拟在一定能量范围内（高达60兆电子伏特）的束细胞相互作用相结合，以提高我们对质子束治疗放射生物学的理解。这将包括对治疗光束的建模和表征，并在克拉特布里奇癌症中心进行6-12个月的实习，以熟悉实验挑战和为基准目的收集数据。这项工作的结果将形成基础增强治疗计划模型。

There is increasing evidence that protons, depending on their energy and the position of cell radiation relative to the Bragg peak, induce a different range of DNA damage compared to x-rays. There is also evidence suggesting that this variety of proton-induced DNA damage can lead to an alternative cellular DNA damage response compared to that caused by x-ray-induced DNA damage, mediated by different DNA damage signalling and repair pathways. Molecular and cellular biological studies and techniques will be combined with MC simulation of beam-cell interaction over a range of energies (up to 60 MeV) to improve our understanding of the radiobiology of proton beam therapy. This will include modelling and characterisation of the treatment beam and be supported by 6-12 month placements at Clatterbridge Cancer Centre for familiarisation with experimental challenges and data taking for benchmarking purposes. The result of this work will then form the basis enhanced treatment planning models.