AcceleraDesign and optimisation of ultra-compact, high-resolution X-ray imaging systems

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Monte Carlo methods have shown their potential for the realistic reproduction of medical X-ray images using human phantoms. In this project, we are using this potential to study the detailed behaviour of a novel X-ray imaging system. The system is a 3D imaging system developed by Adaptix Ltd and has 45 individual X-ray sources, arranged in a rectangular grid. The positions of the emitters offer 45 different projection angles of the radiation, i.e. 45 different images which can then be combined mathematically to create a 3D reconstruction of the object, a method called digital tomosynthesis.The radiation output, dose and resulting image quality are all investigated using the Monte Carlo codes FLUKA and Geant4. The system is then optimised with regards to reducing the dose delivered to the patient and environment, improving image quality and increasing the efficiency of the X-ray source design. This end-to-end simulation framework allows the optimisation to be focused either on a specific component of the system or on a more general level, thus offering both, tailored and overall improvement capabilities.In addition, both Monte Carlo codes are used to implement various types of imaging phantoms, including realistic human phantoms, to simulate quality tests that are routinely done in the laboratory. As a result, the simulation results can be benchmarked against experimental data and against each other. Once validated, the models can be used to simulate a range of experimental conditions and perform virtual measurements that are at least very difficult, if not impossible, to conduct experimentally.Finally, Monte Carlo methods are used to investigate designs concept to reduce the footprint of the system and make it lighter, targeting a compact and mobile X-ray imaging system. This work helps reduce resources and experimental costs and thus contributes to an overall reduction in product cost. All work is realized in close collaboration with Adaptix, where an extended secondment was also realized.