AcceleraDesign and optimisation of ultra-compact, high-resolution X-ray imaging systems

Accelera 超紧凑、高分辨率 X 射线成像系统的设计和优化

• 批准号: 2030016
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2030016
• 关键词: AcceleraDesign; optimisation; ultra; compact; resolution

Monte Carlo methods have shown their potential for the realistic reproduction of medical X-ray images using human phantoms. In this project, we are using this potential to study the detailed behaviour of a novel X-ray imaging system. The system is a 3D imaging system developed by Adaptix Ltd and has 45 individual X-ray sources, arranged in a rectangular grid. The positions of the emitters offer 45 different projection angles of the radiation, i.e. 45 different images which can then be combined mathematically to create a 3D reconstruction of the object, a method called digital tomosynthesis.The radiation output, dose and resulting image quality are all investigated using the Monte Carlo codes FLUKA and Geant4. The system is then optimised with regards to reducing the dose delivered to the patient and environment, improving image quality and increasing the efficiency of the X-ray source design. This end-to-end simulation framework allows the optimisation to be focused either on a specific component of the system or on a more general level, thus offering both, tailored and overall improvement capabilities.In addition, both Monte Carlo codes are used to implement various types of imaging phantoms, including realistic human phantoms, to simulate quality tests that are routinely done in the laboratory. As a result, the simulation results can be benchmarked against experimental data and against each other. Once validated, the models can be used to simulate a range of experimental conditions and perform virtual measurements that are at least very difficult, if not impossible, to conduct experimentally.Finally, Monte Carlo methods are used to investigate designs concept to reduce the footprint of the system and make it lighter, targeting a compact and mobile X-ray imaging system. This work helps reduce resources and experimental costs and thus contributes to an overall reduction in product cost. All work is realized in close collaboration with Adaptix, where an extended secondment was also realized.

蒙特卡罗方法已经显示出利用人体幻影逼真再现医学x射线图像的潜力。在这个项目中，我们正在利用这种潜力来研究一种新型x射线成像系统的详细行为。该系统是由Adaptix有限公司开发的3D成像系统，有45个独立的x射线源，排列在矩形网格中。发射器的位置提供45个不同的辐射投影角度，即45个不同的图像，然后可以用数学方法组合起来创建物体的3D重建，这种方法称为数字断层合成。使用蒙特卡罗代码FLUKA和Geant4对辐射输出、剂量和产生的图像质量进行了研究。然后对系统进行优化，以减少给患者和环境的剂量，改善图像质量并提高x射线源设计的效率。这种端到端模拟框架允许将优化集中在系统的特定组件或更一般的级别上，从而提供定制和整体改进功能。此外，这两种蒙特卡罗代码都用于实现各种类型的成像幻象，包括真实的人类幻象，以模拟在实验室中例行进行的质量测试。因此，模拟结果可以与实验数据进行基准测试，也可以相互比较。一旦得到验证，这些模型就可以用来模拟一系列实验条件，并进行至少非常困难的虚拟测量，如果不是不可能的话，进行实验。最后，使用蒙特卡罗方法研究设计概念，以减少系统的占地面积并使其更轻，目标是紧凑和可移动的x射线成像系统。这项工作有助于减少资源和实验成本，从而有助于整体降低产品成本。所有工作都是在与Adaptix的密切合作下实现的，在Adaptix也实现了延长借调。