Understanding the influence of patterns, types, and contexts of physical activity on health, wellbeing and quality-of-life in older-adults receiving s

了解体育活动的模式、类型和环境对接受体育锻炼的老年人的健康、福祉和生活质量的影响

• 批准号: 2073546
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2073546
• 关键词: Understanding; influence; patterns; types; contexts

Daily PA levels in older-adults are low. This is particularly true in older-adults requiring support for independent living (SIL) who are often isolated, have impaired mobility, and have limited social networks, and those in long term care facilities (LTCFs) where residents may be inactive for between 60-90% of waking hours. Interventions, programmes and provision aimed at improving PA and quality of life (QoL) in adults in LTC facilities have report limited success. Effective design of PA interventions, policy and provision to improve wellbeing and QoL for older-adults requiring SIL and those in LTC is contingent on an in-depth and comprehensive understanding of both how PA occurs in these population groups, and how patterns of PA link to health. Both are currently lacking. PA behaviour is complex, and analysis of its patterns necessitates precise objective measurement. However, in order to completely understand the link between PA and QoL, and inform interventions, policy and provision it is also necessary to understand the environments/context in which these behaviours occur. This critical information is best obtained using rigorous qualitative methods. To date no research has combined advanced quantitative and qualitative approaches to comprehensively describe PA patterns and their influence on health and wellbeing in these populations. This mixed-methods research brings together advanced quantitative and qualitative methods and data science to provide important high-quality information, which can inform interventions, policy and practice in order to improve the health wellbeing and QoL within a vulnerable and growing population group.Objectives and proposed methodologyObjective-1. To synthesise existing literature examining PA in older-adults in SIL (who are near the point of transition to LTC), and those already in LTC. Methods: Systematic reviews of existing observational and qualitative research exploring associations between PA and measures of wellbeing and QoL in older-adults in SIL, and those in LTCFs, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA).Objective-2. To understand and characterise the amount, type and pattern of PA observed in older-adults in SIL (who are near transition to LTC), and those already in LTC.Objective-3. To examine the relationship between daily and weekly patterns of PA with wellbeing and QoL.Methods for achieving objectives 2-3: Precise objective data on PA will be collected using wrist worn accelerometry. Participants will be recruited from two populations; 1) older-adults who are receiving SIL who attend day centres run by Age UK in Exeter, 2) older-adult residents at partner LTCFs. Novel data processing methodology will then be employed to provide the first comprehensive characterisation of daily and weekly volumes of activity and the patterns of distribution of PA across hours days and weeks in these population groups. A detailed analyses of associations between patterns of PA with measures of wellbeing and QoL will then be undertaken. Objective-4. To understand the environments and contexts of PA in these populations and to identify opportunitiesObjective-5. To understand what aspects of future guidance or provision for PA would be considered feasible helpful and valuable for these population groups.Methods for achieving objectives 4-5: To employ qualitative methods in order to build on findings from objectives 1-3 by exploring with staff, support-workers and older-adults in both SIL, and LTC; precisely where, when and how PA occurs in these settings, and how it could be built upon; and to work with older-adults in these groups to u

老年人每天的PA水平很低。尤其是需要独立生活支持的老年人，他们往往与世隔绝，行动不便，社交网络有限，以及长期护理设施(LTCF)中的居民可能有60%-90%的时间处于非活动状态。旨在改善长期护理设施中成年人的PA和生活质量(QOL)的干预、方案和提供报告的成效有限。有效地设计PA干预措施、政策和提供，以改善需要自闭症和长期TC的老年人的幸福感和生活质量，取决于对这些人群中PA是如何发生的，以及PA的模式如何与健康联系的深入和全面的了解。目前，这两个方面都缺乏。PA的行为是复杂的，对其模式的分析需要精确的客观测量。然而，为了完全了解PA和QOL之间的联系，并为干预、政策和提供提供信息，还有必要了解这些行为发生的环境/背景。这些关键信息最好使用严格的定性方法来获得。到目前为止，还没有研究结合先进的定量和定性方法来全面描述PA模式及其对这些人群的健康和福祉的影响。这项混合方法研究结合了先进的定量和定性方法以及数据科学，以提供重要的高质量信息，这些信息可以为干预措施、政策和实践提供信息，以改善脆弱和不断增长的人口群体的健康福祉和生活质量。综合现有文献，研究Sil中的老年人(即将过渡到LTC)和那些已经处于LTC中的老年人的PA。方法：根据系统回顾和荟萃分析(PRISMA)的首选报告项目，对现有的观察性和定性研究进行系统综述，探索PA与Sil和LTCFs老年人幸福感和生活质量指标之间的联系。了解和描述在SIL型老年人(即将过渡到LTC)和那些已经进入LTC的老年人中观察到的PA的数量、类型和模式。研究PA的日常和每周模式与幸福感和QOL之间的关系。实现目标2-3的方法：使用腕部佩戴的加速度计收集关于PA的准确的客观数据。参与者将从两个人群中招募：1)接受SILL的老年人，他们参加由Age UK在埃克塞特经营的日间中心；2)合作伙伴LTCFs的老年居民。然后，将采用新的数据处理方法，首次全面描述每天和每周的活动量，以及这些人口群体中PA在小时、天和周的分布模式。然后，将详细分析PA模式与幸福感测量和QOL之间的关联。目标--4.了解PA在这些人群中的环境和背景，并确定机会目标5。了解未来关于PA的指导或规定的哪些方面对这些人口群体来说是可行的、有帮助的和有价值的。实现目标4-5的方法：使用定性方法，通过与SIL和LTC的工作人员、支持人员和老年人探讨，建立在目标1-3的结果基础上；准确地在这些环境中发生PA的地点、时间和方式，以及如何建立；以及与这些群体中的老年人合作，以