What difference does civil society make?

公民社会有何不同？

• 批准号: 2078933
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2078933
• 关键词: What; difference; does; civil; society

Exploring relationships between social cohesion and associational life in the context of ethnic and religious diversity.This project will explore the impact of variations in the presence, nature and extent of civil society activity on intergroup conflicts and tensions in disadvantaged communities in England. Specifically, it considers the effects of initiatives implemented by the Near Neighbours programme, which are designed to build social cohesion and strengthen civil society at the local level. Near Neighbours originated from work by the Church Urban Fund (CUF) which for 30 years has been in the vanguard of faith-based responses to issues of deprivation and social cohesion.Key research questions1. What impacts do community-level variations in the distribution of civil society organisations have on social cohesion? This will build on existing secondary analyses of relationships between ethnic heterogeneity, disadvantage, and social cohesion by incorporating indicators of the distribution of civil society associations at the local level, following Sampson on collective efficacy.2. What kinds of civil society activity help build cohesion between people of different ethnic backgrounds or religious beliefs? To what extent do faith-based organisations make a distinctive contribution to such activities, and in what ways does religious belief facilitate or obstruct such cohesion?3. 'What works' in terms of strengthening civil society in a way that builds social cohesion between people of different ethnic backgrounds or religious beliefs, in local communities? And what particular challenges does faith-based engagement pose for civil society and policy contexts?MethodologyA mixed methods approach is proposed, including analysis of secondary quantitative data and in-depth qualitative research in local communities across England. We envisage the following main strategies:1. Quantitative analyses of relevant survey datasets (e.g. Crime Survey, Understanding Society) to which indicators of organisational distribution have been linked which are of relevance to exploring contextual influences on perceptions of social cohesion and social tension. This work will also contextualise data on the analyses of the Near Neighbours administrative data.2. Quantitative analyses of two novel data sources which Near Neighbours will make available: a. administrative and survey data on the Near Neighbours programme, which provides a unique research resource including data on 1,400+ local projects which bring together people of different faiths or ethnicities, and b. survey data about social action by parish churches and about church leaders' perceptions of social cohesion and interaction in their communities (to be provided by Church Urban Fund (CUF), of which Near Neighbours is a subsidiary). This will provide novel insights into local-level variations in social action and perceptions of social cohesion.3. Opportunity for qualitative/ethnographic research, spending time in a variety of communities and conducting interviews or focus groups with community members and those engaged in local civil society organisations. The quantitative analyses will provide a basis for selection of appropriate case studies.

在种族和宗教多样性的背景下探索社会凝聚力和社团生活之间的关系。该项目将探讨英国弱势社区中公民社会活动的存在、性质和程度的变化对群体间冲突和紧张局势的影响。具体地说，它审议了旨在建立社会凝聚力和加强地方一级民间社会的近邻方案所执行的倡议的影响。“近邻”源于教会城市基金（CUF）的工作，该基金30年来一直在以信仰为基础应对贫困和社会凝聚力问题。重点研究问题民间社会组织分布的社区层面差异对社会凝聚力有何影响？这将以现有的关于种族异质性、劣势和社会凝聚力之间关系的二次分析为基础，根据Sampson关于集体效率的研究，纳入地方一级民间社会协会分布的指标。什么样的公民社会活动有助于在不同种族背景或宗教信仰的人之间建立凝聚力？基于信仰的组织在多大程度上对这些活动做出了独特的贡献，宗教信仰在哪些方面促进或阻碍了这种凝聚力？在加强公民社会、在当地社区建立不同种族背景或宗教信仰的人之间的社会凝聚力方面，“什么是有效的”？基于信仰的参与给公民社会和政策环境带来了哪些特别的挑战？提出了一种混合方法的方法，包括分析二手定量数据和深入的定性研究在英格兰各地的当地社区。我们设想的主要战略如下：对相关调查数据集（如犯罪调查、了解社会）进行定量分析，这些数据集与组织分布指标相关联，这与探索环境对社会凝聚力和社会紧张感的影响有关。这项工作还将把分析近邻行政数据的数据置于背景中。近邻将提供的两个新数据来源的定量分析：a.邻里计划的行政和调查数据，该计划提供了独特的研究资源，包括1,400多个将不同信仰或种族的人聚集在一起的地方项目的数据；b.教区教会的社会行动和教会领袖对社区社会凝聚力和互动的看法的调查数据（由教会城市基金（CUF）提供，邻里是该基金的子公司）。这将为社会行动和社会凝聚力观念的地方层面差异提供新的见解。有机会进行定性/人种学研究，花时间在各种社区，与社区成员和当地民间社会组织的成员进行访谈或焦点小组。定量分析将为选择适当的案例研究提供基础。