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How Does Genetic Ancestry Testing Affect Perceptions of Race?

基因血统测试如何影响种族观念？

基本信息

批准号：
10591664
负责人：
WENDY D ROTH
金额：
$ 33.94万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-21 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10591664
关键词：
Accent Affect Affinity African American student Age Attitude Awareness Belief Biological Black Populations Black race Bone Marrow Caring Characteristics Classification Clinical Clinical assessments Conflict (Psychology)Data Diagnosis Economics Education Educational Background Ethics Face Future Gender General Population Generations Genes Genetic Genomics Health Health Personnel Healthcare Hispanic Human Immigrant Individual Influentials Interdisciplinary Study Knowledge Language Lead Legal Legitimacy Life Measures Medical Not Hispanic or Latino Nurses Patients Perception Persons Phenotype Policies Politics Protocols documentation Provider Proxy Quality of Care Race Race Relations Reporting Research Resource Allocation Resources Respondent Running Sample Size Sampling Scholarship Shapes Social Environment Stimulus Sum Surveys Symptoms Test Result Testing Weight base college essentialism ethnic identity experimental study genetic information health care settings racial and ethnic racial difference racial identity recruit response social social implication theories trait

项目摘要

Project Summary We investigate the relative influence of genetic, phenotypic, and social attributes in shaping how individuals perceive other people's race. We will conduct a conjoint survey experiment with 9,000 non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White (henceforth, Black and White), and Hispanic respondents in the U.S. to assess the power of genetic ancestry test (GAT) results, facial features, social attributes like racial self-identification before and after testing, and the social context to influence the racial classification of others. GATs are one of the most common ways genomic awareness has increased in the public sphere. Many scholars believe GATs will shape individuals' beliefs about race, including beliefs in essential racial differences and that races are genetically determined. Recent research shows that GATs lead some people to change their racial identity based on the reported genetic information. However, we know little about whether those genetically-influenced identity claims are accepted by others or whether information about an individual's genetic ancestry influences how their race is perceived. Increased genomic knowledge may be shifting norms of racial classification. This could have significant social implications ranging from changing patient-provider interactions and assessments in healthcare settings to demographic shifts and identity-based political mobilization. In everyday life, people typically rely on facial features to racially classify others, often using phenotype as a proxy for ancestry. However, we know little about how perception of facial features interacts with information about ancestry, which we will test using photographs of human faces and hypothetical GAT results. In addition, an abundant scholarship has shown that race is shaped by social context. Nevertheless, most studies have been observational and may be afflicted by endogeneity. We will provide rigorous experimental evidence for how social context influences racial classifications: some respondents will be asked to categorize individuals seeking membership in a cultural affinity group; others will be told the individual is applying to college, priming a context of competition for scarce resources; yet others will be told the individual is registering for a bone marrow drive; the remainder will be given a neutral context. Last, our nation-wide survey will sample Black, White, and Hispanic respondents, which will allow us to test how racial perceptions vary across the U.S. and among the nation's largest ethnoracial groups. This project will develop a research protocol and preliminary data for a larger future study focusing on how genomic information shapes healthcare providers' racial perceptions and clinical assessments of patients.

项目总结