Infant Care, Feeding, and Risk of Obesity

描述（由申请人提供）：超重和肥胖正在增加 在美国迅速发展，尤其是低收入的少数民族。而 遗传因素无疑起着重要的作用，环境和行为 鉴于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的迅速蔓延， 过去十年最近的研究表明，照顾和喂养方式 儿童时期的肥胖可能与随后的肥胖风险有关， 我们知道婴儿在断奶后的过渡期， 一个时期的家庭饮食或如何具体的养育方式或环境可能 影响幼儿肥胖症的发展。 肥胖症文献主要集中在儿童肥胖期间， 反弹期或更长时间，很少有研究描述前2个月的风险因素 年的生活，当模式首次发展，并在父母或照顾者 控制本研究将探讨：1）家庭因素，影响 养育和婴儿喂养模式; 2）喂养方式与 婴儿膳食; 3）膳食摄入量与婴儿肥胖的关系。我们将 在北卡罗来纳州的非裔美国母亲和婴儿中进行这项研究， 肥胖症高危人群。在第一阶段，我们将 进行深入的民族志研究，确定文化的具体特征 并确定家庭和背景因素， 可以预防或促进该人群中婴儿肥胖的发展。 这是研究的关键部分，因为它将使我们能够定义 与我们的生态模型相关的具体指标。我们还将调整 现有的工具，儿童喂养调查表（CFQ）将在文化和 适合在非裔美国人婴儿母亲中给药的年龄 在纵向研究中。在第二阶段，我们将进行纵向观察， 对200名非洲裔美国人母子二人组的研究，随访3 - 18个月 年龄。这项研究旨在确定家庭，照顾者， 以及与肥胖风险相关的儿童特征。婴儿将被跟踪 在3、6、9、12和18个月时，通过在其家庭环境中进行评估。 我们将评估喂养方式、饮食摄入量和婴儿 肥胖，同时考虑到活动的作用，母亲的BMI， 其他风险因素。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Overweight and obesity are increasing rapidly in the U.S., particularly among low-income minority populations. While genetic factors no doubt play an important role, environmental and behavioral factors must surely be driving the epidemic given its rapid increase in the past decade. Recent research suggests that care and feeding styles during childhood may be related to subsequent risk of obesity yet little is known about the period when infants make the transition through the weaning period to a family diet or how specific parenting styles or environments may influence the development of obesity in very young children. The obesity literature has focused primarily on children during the adiposity rebound period or older, and few studies describe risk factors in the first 2 years of life, when patterns first develop and are under parental or caregiver control. This research will examine: 1) household factors that influence parenting and infant feeding patterns; 2) relationship of feeding styles to infant diet; and 3) relationship of dietary intake to infant fatness. We will conduct the study among African American mothers and infants in North Carolina, a group at high risk for the development of obesity. In Phase I, we will conduct in-depth ethnographic research that defines culture-specific features of parenting and feeding and to identify household and contextual factors that may either prevent or promote infant obesity development in this population. This is a critical part of the research because it will allow us to define specific indicators related to our ecological model. We will also adapt an existing instrument, the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) to be culturally and age-appropriate for administration among mothers of African-Americans infants during the longitudinal study. In Phase II, we will conduct a longitudinal, observational study of 200 mother-infant African-American dyads, followed from 3-18 months of age. The study is designed to identify the constellation of household, caregiver, and child characteristics associated with the risk of obesity. Infants will be followed at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months through assessments in their home environments. We will assess relationships among feeding styles, dietary intake, and infant fatness, while taking into account the role of activity, maternal BMI, and other risk factors.