Space-Time Microwave Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection

用于乳腺癌检测的时空微波成像

• 批准号: 6473344
• 负责人: SUSAN C HAGNESS
• 金额: $ 14.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-03 至 2004-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6473344
• 关键词: bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biomedical equipment development; breast neoplasm /cancer diagnosis; clinical biomedical equipment; clinical research; diagnosis design /evaluation; early diagnosis; human tissue; image processing; magnetic resonance imaging; mammography; mathematical model; microwave radiation; phantom model

Description (Provided by Applicant): The objective of the proposed research is to demonstrate the feasibility of an ultrawideband space-time microwave imaging (STMI) method for early-stage breast cancer detection. The outcome of the proposed work will be 1) the development of robust STM about signal processing algorithms for detection and imaging of malignant lesions, 2) STMI performance evaluation using realistic numerical breast phantoms, 3) realistic physical breast phantoms and a first generation STMI hardware prototype, and 4) experimental STMI performance evaluation using physical phantoms and ex vivo human breast tissue imaging scenarios. Two classes of STMI algorithms will be considered: beamforming and adaptive detection. The beamformer combines filtered versions of the backscattered signals at an antenna array to pass signals scattered from a given location with unit gain while attenuating backscattered signals from other directions. The beamformer focus location is scanned to generate a map of scattered signal energy as a function of position. Adaptive detection methods form a test statistic based on the expected space-time pattern that would result if a lesion were actually located at the candidate location. Both techniques will incorporate frequency-dependent propagation and scattering effects and optimally discriminate against artifacts and noise. Anatomically realistic numerical breast phantoms will be derived from routine high resolution 3-D MRI breast scans. The prototype instrument will be constructed from a commercial vector network analyzer and an ultrawideband antenna that is repositioned to create a synthetic array. The physical breast phantom will consist of heterogeneous solid tissue simulants molded into the shape of a naturally flattened breast. Ex vivo imaging experiments will be conducted on six different patients' tissue samples obtained from reduction surgeries. The proposed ultrawideband STMI approach offers the potential of a pain-free non-ionizing breast cancer screening technology capable of reducing the rate of false negatives and false positives associated with conventional X-ray mammography, especially for challenging cases involving radiographically dense breasts or tumors near the chest wall or near the axilla.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的目的是 为了证明超宽带时空微波成像的可行性 （STMI）早期乳腺癌检测的方法。结果 建议的工作将是1）关于信号处理的鲁棒性STM的开发 用于检测和成像恶性病变的算法，2）STMI性能 使用现实的数值乳房幻象进行评估，3）现实的物理 乳房幻影和第一代STMI硬件原型，4） 实验性STMI性能评估使用物理幻像和离体 人类乳腺组织成像场景。两类的STMI算法将是 考虑：波束形成和自适应检测。波束形式结合在一起 在天线阵列处的反向散射信号的过滤版本以通过 从给定位置分散的单位增益的信号在衰减时 来自其他方向的反向散射信号。波束形式的焦点位置是 扫描以生成散射信号能量的图作为位置的函数。 自适应检测方法根据预期形成测试统计量 如果实际病变实际位于 候选地点。两种技术都将结合频率依赖性 繁殖和散射效应，并最佳区分伪像 和噪音。解剖学上现实的数值乳房幻影将得出 从常规的高分辨率3-D MRI乳房扫描。原型仪器 将由商业矢量网络分析仪和一个 重新定位以创建合成阵列的超速带天线。这 物理乳房幻影将由异质固体组织模拟物组成 模制成天然扁平的乳房的形状。离体成像 实验将对六个不同患者的组织样本进行 从还原手术获得。拟议的Ultrawideband STMI方法 提供无痛的非电离乳腺癌筛查的潜力 能够降低假否定率和误报的技术 与传统的X射线乳房X线摄影相关，尤其是针对挑战 病例涉及Xograption密集的乳房或胸壁附近的肿瘤或 在腋窝附近。