Environmental stress indicators for fish at Superfund sites

拟议工作的目标是采用一系列研究步骤，建立利用鱼类非破坏性鳃活组织检查的模式，以监测超级基金地点的海洋污染，并确定这一资源健康状况的变化。这些结果将提供对环境污染组织学和一组与鱼类健康相关的识别生物标记物之间的关系的重要理解。具体目标是：1)在华盛顿州普吉特湾(English Sole)和旧金山湾区(Surf Perch)的污染地点和未受污染的参考区收集鱼类和海洋沉积物，这些区域有广泛的污染物负担和生物影响；2)使用P450报告基因系统(RGS)分析海洋沉积物中导致芳香烃(Ah)的污染，对肝脏、肾脏和鳃组织进行组织学检查，并使用气相色谱-质谱仪(GC0MS)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)分析每个组织的DNA。互补细胞色素P4501A(CyP1A)和核因子kappaB(NfkappaB)模型将与DNA模型结合使用；3)确定生物标记物数据的组织学与沉积物污染水平和P4501A诱导的关联。然后确定该生物学指标是否适用于非破坏生态的鳃组织和P4501A的诱导。然后确定应用于生态非破坏性鳃组织的生物指标是否可以单独用于超级基金地点的鱼类健康评估，以及4)确定沉积物污染、组织学和生物标记物之间的关联是否在英国比目鱼和黑线鳕之间类似，以确定生物指标的使用是否独立于鱼类物种。另一种选择是，如果物种差异是一个因素，建立一个考虑到这一点的健康相关模型。

The goal of the proposed work is to employ a sequence of research steps leading to a model for the use of non-destructive gill biopsies of fish to monitor marine contamination at Superfund sites and identify changes in the health status of this resource. The results would provide a significant understanding of relationships between environmental contamination histology and a group of discerning biomarkers relating to fish health. The specific aims are: 1) collect fish and marine sediments from contaminated locations and uncontaminated reference areas in Puget Sound, WA (English sole) and the San Francisco Bay Area (surf perch), areas that have a wide spread of contaminant burdens and biological impacts; 2) measure the aryl hydrogen (Ah)-inducing contamination in marine sediments using the P450 Reporter Gene System (RGS) assay, perform histological examination of liver, kidney and gill tissues and analyze DNA from each tissue using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC0MS) and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Complementary cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) and nuclear factor kappa B (NfkappaB) models would be employed in conjunction with the DNA models; 3) determine the association of the histology of biomarker data with the level of sediment contamination and P4501A induction. Then determine whether the biological indicators applied to ecologically non-destructive gill tissues and P4501A induction. Then determine whether the biological indicators applied to ecologically non-destructive gill tissues could be used alone for the assessment of fish health at Superfund sites and 4) determine if the association between sediment contamination, histology and the biomarkers are similar between English sole and serf perch to see if the use of the biological indicators is independent of fish species. Alternative, if species differences are a factor, establish a health-related model that takes this into account.