Impression Management in Bottom-level UK Drug Markets. A Case Study of Multi-face Dealers in Kent's Coastal Towns

这项研究的主要目的是为围绕毒贩身份的文献提供创新的理论贡献。它打算以两种方式做到这一点：首先，通过关注经常被忽视的毒品供应部分(BL市场)，该项目将有助于我们了解毒贩身份和市场的碎片化。其次，通过将重点从理性行为者的角度转移，并首先将毒贩视为社会代理人，该项目将在探索非刑事角色在犯罪活动(这里是IO毒品交易)发展中的相关性方面具有独特的意义。该项目还打算对我们在非城市环境中的毒品交易活动的知识做出实质性的经验性贡献，这里是肯特郡的沿海城镇。这项研究以BL毒品市场为重点，旨在对IO毒贩的活动进行深入的描述，并旨在评估交易在多大程度上是职业或补充正常化的生活方式。最后，本研究还旨在通过指出媒体和镇压机构对典型毒贩的使用与肯特IO毒贩的生活现实之间的差异，为毒品政策的发展做出贡献。因此，本项目旨在评估原型经销商作为经销商压倒一切的概念在多大程度上是合理的，同时考虑到BL药品市场IO供应商的特点。方法(3年计划)：1.第一年：文献综述+媒体分析+探索性领域在今年，将为最终的文献综述奠定基础。其目的是在整个三年的时间里，在适应理论(Layder 1998)的过程中提炼它。第一年的主要研究活动是建立和分析一个关于英国毒品交易的报纸数据库(三份英国大报和三份小报)。初步研究问题(RQ)：英国报纸如何代表毒贩和毒品市场？接下来，将进行一项探索性的实地研究，包括对IO毒贩的生活史采访。初步RQ：在多大程度上，IO毒品供应商参与肯特郡的LB市场是理性选择的产物？这项研究也是为第二年的民族志研究做准备的第一步。第二年。包括重复访谈在内的近距离人种志研究第二年的主要研究活动涉及在肯特郡沿海小镇进行的人种学研究。在1年的时间跨度内，8名参与者将被跟踪相当长的时间。观察不同社会领域、不同时期的IO毒贩是研究者明确的目的。接下来，参与者将在至少4个不同的场合接受广泛的采访，在整个民族志中断断续续地进行采访。虽然对IO供应商的生活和他们经营的市场进行了详尽的描述，但这项人种学研究的初步RQ是：IO毒贩的非法和合法角色之间的冲突在多大程度上影响了低收入毒品市场的毒品交易活动？这项实地工作将得到坎特伯雷刑事法院的参与者观察的补充，目标是毒贩案件。将利用法庭观察和与3名法官的面谈来评估法官在多大程度上依赖毒贩的典型概念来确定判决。初步RQ：在对IO毒贩的量刑过程中，法官在多大程度上受到毒贩典型概念的影响？3.第三年。三角测量数据并撰写最终产品结束语：建立在独特的和既定的接触难以触及的人群的基础上在开始本学术之旅之前，研究人员是HMP Elemly的居民，被关押在毒品指控上。允许重建，我现在发现自己能够调查我曾经参与的毒品市场。

The main aim of this study is to deliver an innovative theoretical contribution to the literature surrounding drug dealer identities. It intends to do so in two ways: First, by focusing on an often neglected segment of drug supply (the BL markets), this project will contribute to our understanding of the fragmentation of drug dealer identities and markets. Secondly, through shifting the focus away from the rational actor perspective and conceiving of drugs dealers as social agents in the first place, this project will be unique in exploring the relevance of non-criminal roles in the development of criminal activities (here IO drugs dealing). The project also intends to deliver a substantial empirical contribution to our knowledge of drugs dealing activities in a non-urban environment, here Kent's Coastal towns. With the focus on BL drugs markets, this project aims to offer a thick description on the activities of IO drugs dealers and aims to assess to what extent dealing is occupational or supplements a normalised lifestyle.Finally, this study also aims to contribute to the development of drugs policy by pointing at the found discrepancies between the use of the archetypical drugs dealer by media and repression agencies and the lived realities of Kent's IO drugs dealers. As such this project aims to assess to what extent the archetypal dealers' dominance as the overriding concept of dealers is justified when taking the characteristics of IO suppliers in BL drugs markets into account.Methodology (3 Year plan):1. Year I: Literature Review + Media Analysis + Explorative FieldworkIn this year, the basis of the final literature review will be laid. The aim is to refine it in a process of adaptive theory (Layder 1998) over the total three years. The main research activity of year I is the construction and analysis of a newspaper database (three UK broadsheets and three tabloids) on drugs dealing in the UK. Preliminary research question (RQ): 'How are drug dealers and drug markets represented in UK newspapers?'Next, an exploratory field study will be conducted including life history interviewing of IO drugs dealers. Preliminary RQ: 'To what extent is the involvement of IO drugs suppliers in Kent's LB markets the product of rational choice?' This study is also a first step in preparing the ethnographic study in year II.2. Year II. A Close-to-home Ethnography Including Repetitive InterviewingThe main research activity of year II involves ethnographic research in a Kent coastal town. Over the timespan of 1 year, eight participants will be shadowed for a substantial amount of time. It is the explicit aim of the researcher to observe IO drug dealers in different social fields at different times. Next participants will be extensively interviewed on at least 4 separate occasions, spaced intermittently throughout the ethnography. While offering a thick description of the lives of these IO suppliers and the markets in which they operate, the preliminary RQ of the ethnographic study is: 'To what extent does the conflict between illicit and legit roles of IO drugs dealers impact drugs dealing activities in low bottom drugs markets?'This fieldwork will be supplemented with participant observation at Canterbury Crown Court, targeting drugs dealer cases. Court observations and interviews with 3 judges will be used to assess to what extent judges rely on archetypical conceptions of drugs dealers in setting sentences. Preliminary RQ: to what extent are judges in the sentencing process of IO drugs dealers influenced by the archetypical conception of the drugs dealers?3. Year III. Triangulating Data and Writing the Final ProductFinal Note: Building on Unique and Established Access to a Hard-to-Reach PopulationBefore starting this academic journey, the researcher was a resident of HMP Elemly, held on drug charges. Allowed to rebuild, I now find myself able to investigate the drug markets I was once a part of.