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Toward a General Theory of Drug Behavior Dynamics

药物行为动力学的一般理论

基本信息

批准号：
6634136
负责人：
MARK P REILLY
金额：
$ 3.33万
依托单位：
ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2001-05-01 至 2003-09-15
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6634136
关键词：
behavior prediction behavior test behavioral /social science research tag mathematical model model design /development operant conditionings pigeons psychometrics psychopharmacology reinforcer stimulus /response substance abuse related behavior toxicant interaction

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION: (provided by applicant) In the proposed research, the PI will: 1) come to thoroughly understand existing models of drug-behavior interactions in behavioral pharmacology. This will be done by (a) deriving them from more basic principles, where that is possible; (b) cataloging their applications, boundaries, strengths and weaknesses; (c) gauging the psychometricproperties of their parameters; their dimensions, sensitivities and intercorrelations. (2) Interrelate the existing models with Killeen's (1994) Mathematical Principles of Reinforcement (MPR) theory. (3) Develop appropriate tests of these interpretations and execute them. A series of experiments will determine if models developed from Killeen's theory can differentiate drugs based on these factors. Behavioral pharmacology is replete with hopeful attempts to quantify drug-behavior interactions. Examples 'include Hermstem's matching law/hyperbola, behavioral economics, behavioral momentum, delay discounting and signal detection theory. These and other techniques, procedures, theories and models are useful in describing phenomena at a local level. When they are viewed globally, however, it is unclear whether and how they are related to one another, or to the data just outside their domain. There is a need for a general theory of behavior that both incorporates the established correspondences between empirical observations and current theories, and provides a framework for the development of new models, of both local and global utility. Whereas existing models potentially could embody these characteristics, success is not guaranteed; meanwhile there exists one theory that has yet to be exploited to these ends. Killeen (1994) developed a quantitative model of behavior that was based upon three mechanisms; response constraint (ability), arousal (motivation) and coupling (short-term memory). Responses are energized by incentives, directed by coupling (more recent responses receive more of the weight of reinforcement than earlier responses), and bounded by temporal and physical constraints. These three mechanisms can be used to generate predictions about behavior under the influence of drugs. I propose to 1) derive several existing models from the theory; 2) generate new models based upon the theory; 3) test these interpretations and extrapolations with appropriate experiments. This process should help me perfect my education as a behavioral pharmacologist, deploy those skills to further research on problems of substance abuse and participate in the development of a comprehensive framework for the scientific modeling of the control of behavior by drugs.

描述：（申请人提供）在拟议的研究中，PI将：1）彻底了解行为药理学中药物-行为相互作用的现有模型。这将通过（a）从更基本的原则中推导出它们，（B）将其应用、界限、优势和弱点;（c）测量其参数的心理测量特性;其维度、敏感性和相互关系。(2)将现有的基林（1994）的数学强化原理（MPR）理论(3)对这些解释进行适当的测试，他们一系列的实验将确定是否从基林的模型发展理论可以根据这些因素区分药物。行为药物学充满了量化药物行为相互作用的希望。例子包括Hermstem匹配定律/双曲线，行为经济学，行为动量、延迟折扣和信号检测理论。这些和其他技术、程序、理论和模型可用于描述地方层面的现象。然而，从全球来看，不清楚它们是否以及如何相互关联，或者只是与数据相关，在他们的领域之外。需要一种行为的一般理论，两者都结合了经验之间的既定对应关系，观察和当前的理论，并提供了一个框架的发展新的模式，本地和全球的效用。而现有的模型可能体现这些特征，但不能保证成功; 与此同时，有一种理论尚未被用于这些目的。基林（1994）开发了一个行为的定量模型，该模型基于三种机制：反应约束（能力）、唤醒（动机）和短期记忆（Short-term memory）反应是由激励激发的，通过耦合（最近的响应接收更多的增强权重比以前的反应），并受时间和物理约束。这三种机制可以用来预测毒品的影响。我建议1）从现有的模型中推导出几个模型，理论; 2）根据理论生成新模型; 3）测试这些模型解释和推断与适当的实验。这个过程应该可以帮助我完善我作为行为药理学家的教育，这些技能，以进一步研究药物滥用问题和参与科学建模的全面框架，用药物控制行为。