Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Risks in Carpenter

产品说明：在职业和社区环境中进行的一些研究已经证明了职业性粉尘暴露与慢性气道疾病（包括慢性阻塞性肺病）之间的关系。 然而，除了对传统粉尘行业的研究外，人们对中等程度接触不同类型颗粒物的可能性知之甚少，越来越多的证据表明，接触颗粒物可能产生相对非特异性的毒性效应。 除呼吸道刺激外，高颗粒暴露可使肺清除机制超负荷，产生级联反应，最终导致慢性肺损伤。 为了促进与接触颗粒混合物相关的风险研究，我们建议以工会木匠的工作人口为目标。 木匠有各种各样的气溶胶（木尘只是一个）和化学品暴露和肺部疾病的过度风险。 除了对职业性哮喘的研究之外，几乎没有对与这一行业有关的呼吸系统疾病进行调查，尽管木工是建筑工人中最大的专业行业之一。 因此，拟议的研究被设计为对木匠患慢性气道阻塞而非哮喘的风险进行初步调查。 本试点研究的具体目标是开发和评价方法，以：1）在马萨诸塞州木匠综合福利基金医疗保险记录数据库中识别COPD的偶发病例; 2）评估木匠工作中发生的各种不同气溶胶和气体暴露。 试点研究的结果将是方法，可以应用于随后的病例对照研究，旨在提供定量数据之间的关联COPD和不同的气雾剂暴露的木匠经历。 病例对照研究将是一项单独提案的主题，取决于成功开发必要的方法。

DESCRIPTION: Evidence of a relationship between occupational dust exposures and chronic airways disease including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been demonstrated in a number of studies in occupational and community settings. Apart from studies focused on the classical dusty trades, however, very little is known about the possibility of risk from more moderate exposures to a diverse mixture of different types of particulates, Evidence is mounting for mechanisms that might underlie a relatively non-specific toxic effect from particulate exposures. In addition to respiratory tract irritation, high particulate exposures can overload the clearance mechanisms of the lung, producing a cascade of responses that may culminate in chronic lung injury. To contribute to the study of risk associated with exposure to a mixture of particulates, we propose to target a working population of union carpenters. Carpenters have a diversity of aerosol (wood dust being only one) and chemical exposures and excess risk for pulmonary disease. Apart from studies of occupational asthma there have been few investigations of respiratory disease associated with this trade, despite the fact that carpentry is one of the largest specialty trade among construction workers. The proposed study is therefore designed as a pilot investigation of the risk among carpenters of chronic airway obstruction other than asthma. The specific objectives of this pilot study are to develop and evaluate methods to: 1) identify incident cases of COPD in the Carpenters Combined Benefits Fund of Massachusetts medical insurance records data base; and 2) assess a diverse range of different aerosol and gas exposures occurring in carpenters' jobs. The outcome of the pilot study will be methods that can be applied in a subsequent case control investigation designed to provide quantitative data on the associations between COPD and different aerosol exposures experienced by carpenters. The case control study will be the subject of a separate proposal, contingent upon successful development of the necessary methods.