Facial expression, social interactions, and status

描述(由候选人提供)：这项研究将探索情绪和社会地位的特定面部表情对彼此的相互影响。具体地说，这项研究应用的第一个目标是探索与地位相关的面部表情(恐惧和愤怒)对人际评价的影响。感知者对行为的理解和评价可能会有很大的不同，这取决于感知者是将行为者定义为主导的还是从属的。因此，本申请中描述的第一项研究将评估无意识感知的恐惧(低地位)和愤怒(高地位)表达如何改变人际评价。第二个目标是探索可能不同地影响男性和女性对情绪表达的敏感性的注意和动机因素。因此，第二项研究将考察男性和女性在准确面部表情识别方面与地位相关的差异是否源于动机和注意力的差异。在这项研究中，将测量整个头皮的皮质电活动(EEG)，以评估在识别恐惧和愤怒表情时的注意力或动机相关性。这项应用中的第三项研究将评估操纵感知者在互动中预期的社会地位将如何影响动机和人际期望等因素，从而潜在地影响他们识别恐惧和愤怒面部表情的准确性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by candidate): This research will explore the mutual influence of particular facial expressions of emotion and social status upon one another. Specifically, the first objective of this research application is to explore the influence of status-related facial expressions (fear and anger) on interpersonal appraisals. An action may be construed and appraised very differently by a perceiver depending on whether the perceiver frames the actor as dominant or subordinate. Therefore, the first study described in this application will asses how unconsciously perceived fear (low-status) and anger (high-status) expressions change interpersonal appraisals. The second objective is to explore attentional and motivational factors that may differentially influence men and women's sensitivity to emotional expressions. As such, the second study will examine whether status-related differences in accurate facial expression recognition in men and women result from differences in motivation and attention. In this study, cortical electrical activity across the scalp (EEG) will be measured to assess the attentional or motivational correlates of accuracy in the recognition of fear and anger expressions. The third study in this application will assess how manipulating the social status perceivers anticipate having in an interaction will influence factors such as motivation and interpersonal expectations, thereby potentially affecting their accuracy in recognizing facial expressions of fear and anger.