Mechanisms determining oral microbial community composition

决定口腔微生物群落组成的机制

• 批准号: 2125749
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: King's College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2125749
• 关键词: Mechanisms; determining; oral; microbial; community

The dental plaque biofilm includes a mixed bacterial community with very different nutritional and environmental requirements. As aerobes use up the available oxygen, the plaque biofilm becomes anaerobic within a few days. Nevertheless, both obligate anaerobes and aerobes are represented in samples. This project investigates how commensal Neisseria and Rothia species successfully compete in the anaerobic environments. Therefore, representative species are grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions while their media is supplemented with alternative electron acceptors, such as nitrate, nitrite, sulphate and formate. Furthermore, it has been shown that Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria are associated with gingivitis and that a high anaerobe to aerobe ratio is correlated with the severity of the disease. Thus, it is investigated if and how specific supplements, i.e. nitrate, nitrite, sulphate and formate, can influence the community composition of in-vitro grown biofilms and if the anaerobe/aerobe ratio can be adjusted. Finally, it is investigated if salivary glycoproteins can be used in a similar way. This will contribute to the understanding of important factors in microbial plaque formation and composition and may eventually be helpful in the development of prebiotics to establish and maintain homeostasis of oral bacteria

牙菌斑生物膜包括具有非常不同的营养和环境要求的混合细菌群落。随着需氧菌耗尽可用的氧气，菌斑生物膜在几天内变成厌氧的。然而，样品中既有专性厌氧菌，也有需氧菌。该项目研究了在厌氧环境中，奈瑟氏球菌和罗氏菌如何成功地竞争。因此，代表性物种在需氧和厌氧条件下生长，同时其培养基补充有替代电子受体，如硝酸盐，亚硝酸盐，硫酸盐和甲酸盐。此外，已经表明革兰氏阴性厌氧菌与牙龈炎相关，并且高厌氧菌与需氧菌的比率与疾病的严重程度相关。因此，研究特定补充剂（即硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、硫酸盐和甲酸盐）是否以及如何影响体外生长生物膜的群落组成，以及是否可以调整厌氧微生物/需氧微生物的比例。最后，研究唾液糖蛋白是否可以以类似的方式使用。这将有助于了解微生物菌斑形成和组成的重要因素，并最终可能有助于开发益生元以建立和维持口腔细菌的稳态