Gradient-based multi-disciplinary optimisation with CAD-based parametrisation, application to an aircraft winglet

基于梯度的方法对于高保真形状优化至关重要，使用伴随求解器计算 CFD 导数已经取得了巨大进步，并且现在广泛应用于航空航天设计。形状参数化仍然是一个瓶颈，因为 CAD 几何形状梯度的计算具有挑战性。小翼是机翼设计的重要组成部分，小翼的几何形状对整个机翼的空气动力学以及机翼的结构设计有很大的影响。最佳的小翼设计需要仔细权衡空气动力效率与结构重量，需要进行高保真度分析。该项目的目的是探索 QMUL 开发的各种形状参数化方法在应用于机翼-机身基准案例小翼的多学科形状优化时的能力、效率和鲁棒性。流动和结构模拟是使用空中客车公司的模拟工具进行的，例如高保真CFD流动模拟，以及为此案例开发的简化结构模型。 QMUL 的 CAD 参数化工具将用于控制几何形状。

Gradient-based methods are essential for high-fidelity shape optimisation, great strides have been made in computing derivatives for CFD using adjoint solvers and are now widely used in aerospace design. Parametrisation of the shape remains a bottleneck, as computation of the shape gradients of CAD geometries is challenging. Winglets are an important part of wing design, the winglet geometry has a strong influence on the aerodynamics of the entire wing, as well as on the structural design of the wing. An optimal winglet design needs a careful trade-off of aerodynamic efficiency vs. structural weight, requiring high-fidelity analysis.The aim of the project is to explore the capability, efficiency and robustness of the various shape parametrisation approaches developed at QMUL when applied to the multi-disciplinary shape optimisation of the winglet of a wing-fuselage benchmark case. The flow and structure simulations are carried out with Airbus' simulation tools such as high-fidelity CFD flow simulations, as well as simplified structure models developed for this case. QMUL's CAD parametrisation tools will be used to control the geometry.