Particle Fragmentation in Gas Turbine Engines

燃气轮机中的颗粒破碎

• 批准号: 2174570
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2174570
• 关键词: Particle; Fragmentation; Gas; Turbine; Engines

This project aims to investigate the process of fragmentation (break up on impact) of mineral particles entering turbomachinery. Aero engines operating in desert environments are susceptible to damage by particles of naturally-occurring mineral dust, which are drawn into the engine in the air it uses to generate thrust. These particles range in size and mineralogy, which affects how easily they are carried by the flow and how quickly they melt in the high temperature, high pressure, high velocity environment of rotating turbomachinery. Predicting the damage done to engines by these particles requires an accurate understanding of their properties, such as their melting point, diameter, density, and concentration. However, if we rely on measurements these properties by simply sampling the dust in the ambient air, we have to assume that these properties remain the same throughout the engine. Unfortunately, this is not the case.Fragmentation is one way that the particles undergo change in the engine. Other ways include melting, agglomeration with other particles, and chemical reactions. The damage done to engine components by mineral dust is relatively well known, but the risk of the damage occurring in a given environment is less well known due to the huge variation in particle properties. This PhD project will conduct experiments to understand better the physics of particle fragmentation, and to build mathematical models that can predict the changes to the particle size distribution and composition for different engines. This will be achieved through several objectives: a. To characterise all physical and chemical processes acting on foreign environmental dust as it passes through the fan, compressor, combustor and turbine stages of a gas turbine engine.b. To identify existing models of particle fragmentation, phase change and reaction in the literaturec. To conduct experimental research to simulate physico-chemical processes in gas turbine engines to develop new stochastic models of particle fracture as a function of mineralogy.d. To build a program to predict probability density functions of key particle properties along the engine gas path, and validate with existing test data in partnership with industrial collaborators.e. To implement physico-chemistry based models into a predictive tool for online engine health prognostics, in combination with engine gas path analysis softwaref. To validate the software with by conducting Monte Carlo simulations with a pre-existing in-house flight performance code (FLIGHT )The outcome of this PhD will be a novel tool that can predict, with a degree of confidence, the properties of mineral contaminant dust entering a given gas turbine engine stage. This can be used by airline operators, engine manufacturers, and researchers to develop more accurate component life and engine performance predictions and new mitigation strategies to ultimately reduce the enormous maintenance burden of operating in dusty environments. This research sits in the following EPSRC research areas:Statistics and applied probabilityFluid dynamics and aerodynamicsPerformance and inspection of mechanical structures and systemsParticle technology

本项目旨在研究矿物颗粒进入透平机械的破碎过程(冲击破碎)。在沙漠环境中运行的航空发动机容易受到自然产生的矿物粉尘颗粒的损坏，这些粉尘在发动机用来产生推力的空气中被吸入发动机。这些颗粒的大小和矿物组成各不相同，这影响了它们在旋转透平机械的高温、高压、高速环境中被流动携带的难易程度和熔化的速度。预测这些颗粒对发动机造成的损害需要准确了解它们的性质，如熔点、直径、密度和浓度。然而，如果我们依靠简单地采样环境空气中的粉尘来测量这些性质，我们必须假设这些性质在整个发动机中保持不变。不幸的是，情况并非如此。碎裂是粒子在发动机中发生变化的一种方式。其他方式包括熔化、与其他粒子凝聚和化学反应。矿物粉尘对发动机部件造成的损害相对来说是众所周知的，但由于颗粒特性的巨大差异，在特定环境中发生损害的风险不太为人所知。这个博士项目将进行实验，以更好地了解颗粒破碎的物理学，并建立数学模型，可以预测不同发动机的颗粒尺寸分布和组成的变化。这将通过几个目标来实现：a.描述外来环境粉尘通过燃气轮机的风扇、压缩机、燃烧室和涡轮阶段时作用于其上的所有物理和化学过程。确认现有文献中关于颗粒破碎、相变和反应的模型。进行实验研究，以模拟燃气轮机发动机的物理化学过程，以开发新的颗粒破裂随矿物学变化的随机模型。建立一个程序，以预测沿发动机气体路径的关键颗粒属性的概率密度函数，并与工业合作者合作，用现有的测试数据进行验证。将基于物理化学的模型与发动机气路分析软件相结合，实现发动机在线健康预测的预测工具。为了通过使用已有的内部飞行性能代码(飞行)进行蒙特卡罗模拟来验证软件，该PHD的结果将是一种新的工具，可以在一定程度上预测进入给定燃气轮机发动机级的矿物污染物粉尘的性质。航空公司运营商、发动机制造商和研究人员可以利用这一点来开发更准确的部件寿命和发动机性能预测以及新的缓解策略，以最终减少在尘土飞扬的环境中运行的巨大维护负担。这项研究位于以下EPSRC研究领域：统计和应用概率流体动力学和空气动力学机械结构和系统的性能和检查粒子技术