Investigating the mechanical properties involved in catastrophic volcanic collapse

火山侧翼坍塌和随后的山体滑坡是一种极具破坏性的现象，这种事件产生的海啸扩大了火山岛的破坏范围。触发这些事件可归因于火山岛上的一些现象;脆弱的物质或结构，陡峭的建筑物，由于侵入和孔隙水相互作用而增加的应力或压力。滑坡一旦触发，其控制因素包括强度、摩擦力和孔隙流体压力等材料性质。通过比较三个关键的火山岛，可以确定什么是主要的触发原因，或者这是否取决于火山环境或由于建筑物的材料构成而有所不同。这些地点将包括里特尔岛，一个最近的历史崩溃从俯冲设置和福戈的佛得角从板内设置与一个很好的暴露单一的巨大疤痕和海啸的证据。该项目将使用实验室程序来确定疤痕中的样本岩石特性，并旨在发现火山岩的物理和水力特性如何影响弱化侧翼导致坍塌的敏感性。这将允许比较不同的火山岛，以及如何导致和崩溃本身的特点。

Volcanic flank collapse and subsequent landslides is a highly destructive phenomenon and tsunamis generated from such events extend the devastating reach of volcanic islands. Triggering such events can be attributed to a number of phenomena on volcanic islands; weak materials or structures, over steepened edifices, increased stresses or pressure build up due to intrusions and pore water interaction. Once triggered, the controlling components over a landslide involves the material properties, including the strength, friction and pore fluid pressures. By comparing three key volcanic islands it can be determined what is the main triggering cause, or whether this differs depending on the volcanic setting or due to the material make-up of the edifice. These locations will include Ritter Island, a recent historic collapse from a subduction setting and Fogo of the Cape Verde from an intraplate setting with a well exposed single giant scar and evidence of a tsunami. This project will use experimental laboratory procedures to determine sample rock properties from the scar and aim to find how the physical and hydraulic properties of volcanic formation affects the susceptibility to weakening flanks leading to collapse. This will allow comparison of the various volcanic islands and how the lead up to and the collapse itself is characterised.