Substance Use/HIV in 3 DC Southeast Asian Communities

关于美国东南亚人口中药物使用/滥用和艾滋病毒相关风险做法的数据非常少。乔治华盛顿大学公共卫生和卫生服务学院卫生服务研究和政策中心，发展服务集团，Inc.，因此，应用语言学中心建议开展一项研究，调查华盛顿大都市区越南人、柬埔寨人和老挝人社区中药物使用/滥用和艾滋病毒相关风险做法的特点、流行程度和文化背景。 该研究将联合收割机民族志定性策略与定量方法相结合，以便提供有关风险做法（行为）和这些做法所嵌入的社会文化框架的数据。 三文化（主管）修改和翻译将开发（越南、高棉和老挝）版本的量化工具-由全国药物滥用家庭调查的要素以及疾病控制和预防中心的行为风险因素调查、国家药物滥用风险行为评估研究所、以及一项由联邦政府资助的针对感染艾滋病/艾滋病毒的亚洲移民和难民的示范研究中开发的工具-供亲自使用，并采用音频增强计算机和自我管理访谈技术，以尽量减少漏报。文化适应和压力/福祉措施将被添加到调查中。 定性部分将包括参与者观察、重点小组和关于特定文化态度、信仰和围绕药物使用/滥用的社会模式以及与艾滋病毒有关的风险做法的广泛定性访谈。 研究将纳入一般人群和目标子样本。 将在三个民族/种族群体之间和内部进行比较。 将检查六个研究问题，其中三个目标东南亚人群之间和内部的药物使用/滥用和艾滋病毒相关风险做法将根据以下变量进行评估：种族/民族群体;移民的日期和性质;社会经济地位;文化适应程度;关于可耻行为的文化禁止;世代/年龄;出生地（美国/美国）非美国）; (for青年）参与帮派;和社会边缘化。

Very little data exist on substance use/abuse and HIV- related risk practices among Southeast Asian population in the U.S. George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services' Center for Health Services Research and Policy, Development Services Group, Inc., and the Center for Applied Linguistics are, therefore, proposing to conduct a study to investigate the characteristics, prevalence and cultural context of substance use/abuse and HIV-related risk practices among the Vietnamese, Cambodian, and Laotian communities of the Washington, DC metropolitan area. The study will combine ethnographic qualitative strategies with quantitative approaches in order to provide data on both risk practices (behavior) and the socio- cultural framework in which these practices are embedded. Three culturally (competent) modified and translated (Vietnamese, Khmer, and Lao) versions of the quantitative instrument will be developed - composed of elements from the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, together with questions taken from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, National Institute on Drug Abuse's Risk Behavior Assessment, and from an instrument developed in an ongoing federally funded demonstration study targeting Asian immigrants and refugees living with AIDS/HIV - for use in person and with audio-enhanced computer and self-administered interview (AUDIO- CASI) technology in order to minimize under-reporting. Acculturation and stress/well-being measures will be added to the survey. The qualitative component will include participant observation, focus groups, and extended qualitative interviews concerning culturally-specific attitudes, beliefs and social patterns surrounding substance use/abuse and HIV-related risk practices. Both general population and targeted sub-samples will be included in the study. Comparisons will be made between and within the three national/ethnic groups. Six research questions will be examined in which substance use/abuse and HIV-related risk practices among and within the three targeted Southeast Asian populations are assessed against the following variables: ethnic/national group; date and character of immigration; socioeconomic status; degree of acculturation; cultural proscription concerning shameful behavior; generation/age; birthplace (U.S./not U.S.); (for youth) participation in a gang; and social marginality.